The Essential Turing Seminal Writings in Computing Logic Philosophy Artificial Intelligence and Artificial Life Plus the Secrets of Enigma 1st Edition by Alan Turing, Jack Copeland ISBN 0198250800 9780198250807

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ISBN 10: 0198250800
ISBN 13: 9780198250807
Author: Alan Turing, Jack Copeland
Alan Turing was one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century. In 1935, aged 22, he developed the mathematical theory upon which all subsequent stored-program digital computers are modeled.

At the outbreak of hostilities with Germany in September 1939, he joined the Government Codebreaking team at Bletchley Park, Buckinghamshire and played a crucial role in deciphering Engima, the code used by the German armed forces to protect their radio communications. Turing’s work on the version of Enigma used by the German navy was vital to the battle for supremacy in the North Atlantic. He also contributed to the attack on the cyphers known as “Fish,” which were used by the German High Command for the encryption of signals during the latter part of the war. His contribution helped to shorten the war in Europe by an estimated two years.

After the war, his theoretical work led to the development of Britain’s first computers at the National Physical Laboratory and the Royal Society Computing Machine Laboratory at Manchester University.

Turing was also a founding father of modern cognitive science, theorizing that the cortex at birth is an “unorganized machine” which through “training” becomes organized “into a universal machine or something like it.” He went on to develop the use of computers to model biological growth, launching the discipline now referred to as Artificial Life.

The papers in this book are the key works for understanding Turing’s phenomenal contribution across all these fields. The collection includes Turing’s declassified wartime “Treatise on the Enigma”; letters from Turing to Churchill and to codebreakers; lectures, papers, and broadcasts which opened up the concept of AI and its implications; and the paper which formed the genesis of the investigation of Artifical Life.

The Essential Turing Seminal Writings in Computing Logic Philosophy Artificial Intelligence and Artificial Life Plus the Secrets of Enigma 1st Edition Table of contents:

Part I: Computing and the Foundations of Computation

2. The Imitation Game: Turing’s Vision of Artificial Intelligence

   • The Concept of the Turing Test
   • The Philosophical Implications of the Turing Test
   • Turing’s Early Ideas on Machine Intelligence
   • Case Study: The Turing Test in Modern AI Research

3. Computing Machinery and Intelligence (1950)

   • The Development of the Turing Test
   • The Argument for Machines Thinking Like Humans
   • Reflections on Turing’s Views in Light of Modern AI
   • Criticisms and Responses to the Turing Test

4. On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem (1936)

   • Turing’s Groundbreaking Paper on Computability
   • The Concept of the Turing Machine and its Importance
   • The Entscheidungsproblem and Its Resolution
   • Turing’s Impact on the Foundations of Computer Science

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Part II: Logic and Mathematics

5. The Turing-Computability of Functions (1939)

   • Turing’s Contributions to Mathematical Logic
   • The Concept of Computability and its Fundamental Role in Logic
   • Case Study: Turing Machines and Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems

6. The Universality of Computation (1936)

   • The Theory of Universal Turing Machines
   • Understanding Universal Computation in the Context of Modern Computers
   • Turing’s Contribution to the Concept of Software and Programming

7. The Nature of Mathematical Truth (1954)

   • Turing’s Philosophical Views on Mathematics and Logic
   • The Relationship Between Logic, Computability, and Truth
   • Turing’s Influence on the Philosophy of Mathematics

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Part III: Philosophy of Mind and Artificial Intelligence

8. Mind and Machine: Turing’s Views on Consciousness

   • The Problem of Consciousness and its Relation to Computation
   • Turing’s Reflections on Human and Machine Cognition
   • Modern Interpretations of Turing’s Views on AI and Consciousness

9. The Logical and Philosophical Basis of Computation

   • The Intersection of Logic, Philosophy, and Computer Science
   • Turing’s Views on the Limits of Machine Intelligence
   • The Ethical and Existential Questions Raised by AI and Automation

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Part IV: Cryptography and the Enigma Code

10. The Enigma Machine and Turing’s Role in Breaking the Code

    • Turing’s Work at Bletchley Park during WWII
    • The Development of the Bombe Machine for Codebreaking
    • Turing’s Impact on the Outcome of World War II
    • The Legacy of Turing’s Work in Cryptography

11. Codebreaking and the Birth of Modern Computing

    • The Development of Cryptographic Methods and Early Computers
    • Turing’s Influence on the Evolution of Modern Computing
    • The Relationship Between Turing’s Codebreaking and his Later Work in AI

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Part V: Artificial Life and Theoretical Biology

12. The Concept of Artificial Life and Turing’s Influence

    • Turing’s Early Speculations on Artificial Life
    • The Turing Test and Its Influence on Artificial Life Studies
    • Turing’s Work in the Context of Modern AI and Synthetic Biology

13. Turing’s Mathematical Biology and Its Legacy

    • Turing’s Work on Morphogenesis
    • The Mathematical Models of Growth and Pattern Formation
    • The Lasting Impact of Turing’s Biological Models in Developmental Biology

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