Small Groups Key Readings 1st Edition by John Levine, Richard Moreland 0863775942 9780863775949

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ISBN 10: 0863775942

ISBN 13: 9780863775949

Author: John M. Levine; Richard L. Moreland

Research on small groups is highly diverse because investigators who study such groups vary in their disciplinary identifications, theoretical interests, and methodological preferences. The goal of this volume is to capture that diversity, and thereby convey the breadth and excitement of small group research by acquainting students with work on five fundamental aspects of groups. The volume also includes an introductory chapter by the editors which provides an overview of the history of and current state-of-the-art in the field. Together with introductions to each section, discussion questions and suggestions for further reading, make the volume ideal reading for senior undergraduate and graduate students interested in group dynamics.

Small Groups Key Readings 1st Table of contents:

Part 1: Group Composition

Group Composition As a Consequence

Group Composition As a Context

Group Composition As a Cause

References

Readings

Discussion Questions

Suggested Readings

Reading 1: The Contribution of Influence and Selection to Adolescent Peer Group Homogeneity: The Case of Adolescent Cigarette Smoking

Method

Results

Discussion

References

Reading 2: Some Effects of Proportions On Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women

The Field Study

Theoretical Framework

Performance Pressures

Boundary Heightening

Role Entrapment

Implications

References

Reading 3: Effects of Crew Composition On Crew Performance: Does the Whole Equal the Sum of Its Parts?

Present Experiment

Method

Results

Discussion

References

Part 2: Group Structure

References

Readings

Discussion Questions

Suggested Readings

Reading 4: Status, Expectations, and Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review and Test of the Theory

Evidence for the Theory

Alternative Perspectives

Effects of the Strength of the Status Differentials

Procedure

Results

Discussion

Notes

References

Reading 5: Asymmetries In Attachments to Groups and to Their Members: Distinguishing Between Common-Identity and Common-Bond Groups

Study 1

Study 2

General Discussion

Notes

References

Reading 6: The “Friendly” Poker Game: A Study of an Ephemeral Role

Procedure

The Players

The Setting and Structure of the Game

Becoming a Member: Selection and Role Socialization

Benefits of Membership: Satisfactions from the Ephemeral Role

Conclusions: The Ephemeral Role

References

Part 3: Conflict In Groups

References

Readings

Discussion Questions

Suggested Readings

Reading 7: Effects of Group Identity On Resource Use In a Simulated Commons Dilemma

Subordinate and Superordinate Group Identity

Overview of Method

Experiment 1

Experiment 2

Experiment 3

General Discussion

References

Reading 8: Status, Ideology, and Integrative Complexity On the U.S. Supreme Court: Rethinking the Politics of Political Decision Making

Theoretical Considerations

Study Overview

Method Overview

Experiment 1

Experiment 2

Experiment 3

General Discussion

References

Reading 9: Being Better By Being Right: Subjective Group Dynamics and Derogation of ingroup Deviants When Generic Norms Are Undermined

Overview and Hypotheses

Experiment 1

Experiment 2

Experiment 3

General Discussion

References

Reading 10: Does Power Corrupt?

Method

Results

Discussion

References

Part 4: Group Performance

Part 4 A: Decision Making

References

Readings

Discussion Questions

Suggested Readings

Reading 11: Collective Induction

Method

Results

Discussion

References

Reading 12: Social Transition Schemes: Charting the Group’s Road to Agreement

Conceptual Distinctions

Path Independence and Stationarity

Time Limits, Group Experience, and Sex of Members

Summary

Method

Results

Discussion

References

Reading 13: Pooling of Unshared Information In Group Decision Making: Biased Information Sampling During Discussion

Pregroup Information Distributions

Biased Sampling Model of Group Discussion

Method

Results

Discussion

References

Reading 14: Threat, Cohesion, and Group Effectiveness: Testing a Social Identity Maintenance Perspective On Groupthink

Case Studies of Groupthink

Experimental Research On Groupthink

Toward the Reconciliation of Conflicting Results

Predictions

Experiment 1

Experiment 2

Experiment 3

General Discussion

References

Reading 15: The Effects of Repeated Expressions On Attitude Polarization During Group Discussions

Study 1

Study 2

General Discussion

References

Part 4 B: Productivity

References

Readings

Discussion Questions

Suggested Readings

Reading 16: Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing

Experiment 1

Experiment 2

General Discussion

Reference Note

References

Reading 17: Impact of Group Goals, Task Component Complexity, Effort, and Planning On Group Performance

A Model of Group Goals, Task Complexity, and Group Performance

Method

Results

Discussion

References

Appendix

Reading 18: Transactive Memory: Learning Who Knows What In Work Groups and Organizations

Improving the Performance of Work Groups By Managing Their Composition

Transactive Memory and Work Group Performance

Transactive Memory Through Group Training

Alternate Routes to Transactive Memory

Transactive Memory Systems In Organizations

References

Part 4 C: Leadership

Leaders

Leader–Follower Relationships

Followers

References

Readings

Discussion Questions

Suggested Readings

Reading 19: Self-Monitoring and Trait-Based Variance In Leadership: An Investigation of Leader Flexibility Across Multiple Group Situations

Evidence for Trait-Based Approaches to Leadership

Leader Dispositions and Response Flexibility

Method

Measures

Results

Discussion

References

Reading 20: The Contingency Model: A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness

Development of the Model

A Contingency Model for Predicting Leadership Performance

Empirical Tests: Extension of the Model

Experimental Test of the Contingency Model

Discussion

References

Reading 21: Self-Categorization and Leadership: Effects of Group Prototypicality and Leader Stereotypicality

Method

Results

Discussion

References

Reading 22: The Romance of Leadership

The Present Research

Archival Studies

Study 1: The Popular Press

Study 2: Dissertation Topics

Study 3: General Business Periodicals

Experimental Studies

Study 4

Study 5

Study 6

General Discussion

Conclusion

References

Part 5: Group Ecology

Physical Environments

Temporal Environments

Social Environments

References

Readings

Discussion Questions

Suggested Readings

Reading 23: Coming Out In the Age of the Internet: Identity “Demarginalization” Through Virtual Group Participation

The Emergence of Virtual Groups

The Nature of Marginalized Identities

Motivational Bases for Identifying With a Virtual Group

Identity Importance and Self-Esteem

Why Disidentification Is Not an Option

A Process Model of “Demarginalization”

Study 1: Degree of Involvement In Marginalized Versus Mainstream Virtual Groups

Study 2: Demarginalization of Sexual Identities

Study 3: Demarginalization of Ideological Identities

General Discussion

References

Reading 24: Stability, Bistability, and Instability In Small Group Influence Patterns

The Dynamics of Group Structure: A Multiple-Path Approach

Four Models of Change and Continuity In Group Structure

The JEMCO Workshop Study: 20 Groups Under Stable and Changing Conditions

References

Reading 25: Socialization In Organizations and Work Groups

Organizational Socialization: A Brief Review

Socialization In Work Groups

A Model of Group Socialization

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Reading 26: Beyond Task and Maintenance: Defining External Functions In Groups

Functions In Groups

External, Boundary-Spanning Functions

Methods

Results

Implications for Practice

Conclusion

References

Appendix: How to Read a Journal Article In Social Psychology

The Anatomy of Research Reports

Some Notes On Reports of Multiple Studies

Research Reporting As Story Telling

The Rest of the Story

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