Saunders Research Methods 9th Edition by Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill 1292402725 9781292402727

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ISBN 10: 1292402725

ISBN 13: 9781292402727

Author: Mark N. K. Saunders; Philip Lewis; Adrian Thornhill

Ranked as the most highly cited text in Business, Marketing, Accounting & Economics according to the Financial Times! The market-leading textbook that offers clear, robust and pragmatic guidance on your dissertation or research project. With over 500,000 copies sold, Research Methods for Business Students by Saunders, Lewis, and Thornhill is the definitive textbook for Business, Marketing, and Management students conducting a research-led project or dissertation. This fully revised 9th edition provides excellent coverage guiding you through the entire process, from deciding on a research topic to writing your dissertation or project and presenting your academic poster. By taking a transactional approach, the textbook will help you choose your project through critically reviewing the literature and designing your research, answering key questions such as: How do I generate a research idea and design my research? How do I review the literature critically? Why is research philosophy relevant to my research? How do I collect and analyse my data? When and what do I need to write? How can I do research virtually? This comprehensive guide to conducting research will support you step-by-step at every stage of the process, offering a wealth of thought-provoking features and activities, such as tips and tricks from other students’ experiences on their research projects and a complete glossary of terms. It provides case studies, news, and articles based on the latest virtual and face-to-face methods, discussing how research is used in practice within organisations worldwide. Self-study prompts will further encourage you to apply what you have learned to your own research project. Get data-confident with the worked examples, self-test questions, and downloadable datasets, and take the Heightening Awareness of Research Philosophy survey (HARP) to understand more about your own research philosophy and how it affects your research project. Written by experts in the field, this resource guides you through developing your research skills by taking a clear, concise, and transparent approach, helping you complete and successfully present your research.

Saunders Research Methods 9th Table of contents:

1 Research, reflective diaries and the purpose of this book

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The nature of research

1.3 Business and management research

1.4 The research process

1.5 Keeping a reflective diary or research notebook

1.6 The purpose and structure of this book

1.7 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Starting your reflective diary or notebook

References

Further reading

Case 1: A reflective journal? . . . About research? . . . Where do I even begin?

Emily A Morrison

Self-check answers

2 Generating a research idea and developing your research proposal

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Characteristics of good research ideas

2.3 Generating research ideas

2.4 Refining research ideas

2.5 Developing your overarching research question

2.6 Writing a research aim and set of research objectives

2.7 The importance of theory

2.8 The need for a research proposal

2.9 Structuring your research proposal

2.10 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Choosing a research topic and developing your research proposal

References

Further reading

Case 2: Keza’s research aim formulation

Adina Dudau

Self-check answers

3 Critically reviewing the literature

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Being ‘critical’ and the purposes and forms of review

3.3 The content and structure of a critical review

3.4 Literature sources

3.5 Planning your literature search

3.6 Conducting your literature search

3.7 Reading critically and evaluating the literature

3.8 Note-taking and referencing

3.9 Using systematic review

3.10 Drafting the critical review

3.11 A note about plagiarism

3.12 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Critically reviewing the literature

References

Further reading

Case 3: Shaping powerful questions when reviewing the literature

Mat Hughes

Self-check answers

4 Understanding research philosophy and approaches to theory development

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill and Alexandra Bristow

Learning outcomes

4.1 Introduction

4.2 The philosophical underpinnings of business and management

4.3 Research paradigms

4.4 Five management philosophies

4.5 Approaches to theory development

4.6 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Heightening your Awareness of your Research Philosophy (HARP)

References

Further reading

Case 4: Working out your philosophical assumptions

Natasha Mauthner

Self-check answers

5 Formulating the research design

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Achieving a coherent research design

5.3 The research purpose

5.4 Methodological choice: choosing a quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods research design

5.5 Developing a coherent research strategy

5.6 Considering time horizons

5.7 Anticipating potential ethical issues

5.8 Assessing the quality of research design

5.9 Recognishing your role as researcher

5.10 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Deciding on your research design

References

Further reading

Case 5: Internationalizing strategy: Developing small firms and their local communities via engaged

Fariba Darabi and Jonathan M Scott

Self-check answers

6 Negotiating access and research ethics

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Characteristics of access

6.3 Researcher status

6.4 Internet-mediated access

6.5 Strategies to gain access

6.6 Research ethics and acting ethically

6.7 Ethical issues at specific research stages

6.8 Data protection principles

6.9 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Negotiating access and addressing ethical issues

References

Further reading

Case 6: Onboarding practices and employee retention

Josephine LaPointe

Self-check answers

7 Selecting samples

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

7.1 Introduction

7.2 The need to sample

7.3 An overview of sampling procedures

7.4 Probability sampling – sampling frame

7.5 Probability sampling – sample size

7.6 Probability sampling – procedures

7.7 Probability sampling – representativeness

7.8 Non-probability sampling – sample size

7.9 Non-probability sampling – procedures

7.10 Mixed and multi-stage sampling designs

7.11 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Using sampling as part of your research

References

Further reading

Case 7: Female ride share app drivers’ careers in Tehran

Mina Beigi, Shahrzad Nayyeri and Melika Shirmohamma

Self-check answers

8 Obtaining and evaluating secondary data

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Types of secondary data and uses in research

8.3 Advantages of secondary data

8.4 Disadvantages of secondary data

8.5 Searching for and locating secondary data

8.6 Evaluating and selecting secondary data sources

8.7 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Assessing utility, selecting and incorporating secondary data in

References

Further reading

Case 8: Investigating refugees’ challenges in setting up a business

Megan Miralles, Marc Stierand and Viktor Dorfler

Self-check answers

9 Collecting primary data using observation

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Observation choices

9.3 Participant observation

9.4 Structured observation

9.5 Internet-mediated observation

9.6 Recording video

9.7 Creating static images

9.8 Audio recording

9.9 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Deciding on the appropriateness of observation

References

Further reading

Case 9: Observing leadership and team dynamics using simulation

Trevor Morrow

Self-check answers

10 Collecting primary data using interviews and diaries

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Standardisation and structure in questioning

10.3 Interview mediums and modes

10.4 The potential of semi-structured and in-depth interviews

10.5 Data quality issues and evaluating interviewing practice

10.6 Preparing for semi-structured or in-depth interviewing

10.7 Conducting one-to-one face-to-face interviews

10.8 Conducting one-to-one online interviews

10.9 Conducting one-to-one telephone interviews

10.10 Conducting group interviews and focus groups

10.11 Conducting visual interviews

10.12 Using diaries and diary studies

10.13 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Using research interviews and research diaries

References

Further reading

Case 10: Conducting audio diaries of work-life conflict

Catherine Cassell

Self-check answers

11 Collecting primary data using questionnaires

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Questionnaires: an overview

11.3 Deciding what data need to be collected

11.4 Questionnaire validity and reliability

11.5 Designing individual questions

11.6 Designing the questionnaire

11.7 Pilot testing

11.8 Distributing the questionnaire

11.9 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Using questionnaires in your research

References

Further reading

Case 11: Assessing the utility of questionnaire scales

Sarah Forbes

Self-check answers

12 Analysing data quantitatively

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill and Catherine Wang

Learning outcomes

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Data types and precision of measurement

12.3 Preparing data for quantitative analysis

12.4 Data entry and checking

12.5 Exploring and presenting data: an overview

12.6 Exploring and presenting individual variables

12.7 Exploring and comparing two or more variables

12.8 Describing data using statistics

12.9 Statistical tests’ assumptions and hypothesis testing

12.10 Examining associations and differences

12.11 Assessing the strength of relationships

12.12 Making predictions

12.13 Examining trends

12.14 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Analysing your data quantitatively

References

Further reading

Case 12: High performance work practices in SMEs

Maura Sheehan and Mark NK Saunders

Self-check answers

13 Analysing data qualitatively

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Analysing qualitative data, diversity and interactive processes

13.3 Choosing a qualitative analysis technique

13.4 Preparing data for analysis

13.5 Aids to help analysis

13.6 Thematic Analysis

13.7 Template Analysis

13.8 Explanation Building and Testing

13.9 Grounded Theory Method

13.10 Narrative Analysis

13.11 Discourse analysis

13.12 Visual analysis

13.13 Data display and analysis

13.14 Using CAQDAS

13.15 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion question

Progressing your research project: Analysing your data qualitatively

References

Further reading

Case 13: What makes a good project tutor?

Neve Abgeller

Self-check answers

14 Writing and presenting the project report

Mark NK Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill

Learning outcomes

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Undertaking writing

14.3 Reporting approaches and report structures: an overview

14.4 The traditional (academic) report structure

14.5 Alternative (academic) report structures

14.6 The consultancy (practitioner) report

14.7 Ensuring clarity and accessibility

14.8 Developing an appropriate writing style

14.9 Meeting the assessment criteria

14.10 Writing a reflective essay or section

14.11 Presentations

14.12 Summary

Self-check questions

Review and discussion questions

Progressing your research project: Writing your project report

References

Further reading

Case 14: Chloe’s poster creation

Clare Burns

Self-check answers

Bibliography

Appendices

1 Systems of referencing

2 Calculating the minimum sample size

3 Guidelines for non-discriminatory language

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