Oral Medicine and Pathology at a Glance 2nd edition by Pedro Diz Dios,Crispian Scully,Oslei Paes de Almeida,José Bagán,Adalberto Mosqueda 9781119121367 1119121361

1 Examination of extraoral tissues

Head and neck

Cranial nerves

Limbs

2 Examination of mouth, jaws, temporomandibular region and salivary glands

Mouth

Jaws

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Salivary glands

3 Investigations: Histopathology

Mucosal biopsy

Other techniques

Brush biopsy

Labial salivary gland biopsy

4 Investigations: Microbiology

5 Investigations: Imaging

6 Investigations: Blood tests

Referring a patient for specialist opinion

7 Anatomical variants and developmental anomalies

Fordyce spots (“Fordyce granules”)

Fissured tongue (scrotal or plicated tongue)

Stafne cyst or bone cavity

Torus palatinus

Torus mandibularis

Varicosities

8 Blisters

Angina bullosa hemorrhagica (localized oral purpura; traumatic oral hemophlyctenosis)

9 Blisters, infections: Herpes simplex virus

Herpes simplex

Recurrent herpes labialis

Recurrent intraoral herpes

10 Blisters, infections: Varicella zoster virus

Chickenpox (varicella)

Zoster (shingles)

11 Blisters, skin diseases: Pemphigus

Pemphigus

12 Blisters, skin diseases: Pemphigoid

13 Pigmented lesions

Superficial discoloration

Hairy tongue (black hairy tongue; lingua villosa nigra)

14 Pigmented lesions: Ethnic pigmentation and tattoos

Ethnic pigmentation

Foreign body tattoos

15 Pigmented lesions: Melanotic macule

Melanotic macule

16 Pigmented lesions: Nevus and others

Adenocorticotrophic hormone effects (ACTH)

17 Pigmented lesions: Malignant melanoma

18 Red and purple lesions

Purpura

19 Red and purple lesions: Desquamative gingivitis, mucositis

Desquamative gingivitis

Mucositis

20 Red and purple lesions: Erythematous candidosis

Acute candidosis

Chronic candidosisDenture-related stomatitis (denture sore mouth; chronic atrophic candidosis)

Angular stomatitis (angular cheilitis; perleche)

Median rhomboid glossitis (central papillary atrophy of the tongue)

21 Red and purple lesions: Angiomas

Hemangioma

Venous lake (venous varix; senile hemangioma of lip)

Lymphangioma

22 Red and purple lesions: Proliferative vascular lesions, Kaposi sarcoma

Proliferative vascular lesions

Kaposi sarcoma

23 Red and purple lesions: Erythroplakia

Erythroplakia (erythroplasia)

24 Red and purple lesions: Erythema migrans (lingual erythema migrans; benign migratory glossitis; geographical tongue; continental tongue)

25 Swellings: Hereditary conditions, drug-induced swellings

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF)

C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency (hereditary angioedema)

Drug-induced gingival overgrowth

26 Swellings: Infections, Human Papilloma Virus

Papilloma

Warts (verrucae)

Multifocal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck disease)

Koilocytic dysplasia

HPV and oral cancer

27 Swellings: Granulomatous conditions

Sarcoidosis

Crohn disease and orofacial granulomatosis

28 Swellings: Reactive lesions

Denture-induced hyperplasia (epulis fissuratum)

Fibroepithelial polyp (fibrous lump)

Fibroma

Giant cell epulis (peripheral giant cell granuloma)

Pyogenic granuloma

Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma (POF)

29 Swellings: Malignant neoplasms, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)

30 Swellings: Malignant neoplasms, lymphoma, metastatic neoplasms

Lymphomas

Metastatic oral neoplasms

31 Ulcers and erosions: Local causes, drug-induced ulcers

Local causes

Eosinophilic ulcer (traumatic eosinophilic granuloma; traumatic ulcerative granulomatous disease)

Drug-induced ulcers (stomatitis medicamentosa)

32 Ulcers and erosions: Aphthae

33 Ulcers and erosions: Aphthous-like ulcers

Behçet syndrome (BS, Behçet disease)

Clinical features

34 Ulcers and erosions: Blood diseases, gastrointestinal disorders

Blood diseases

Leukemias

Gastrointestinal disorders

Celiac disease (gluten sensitive enteropathy)

35 Ulcers and erosions: Infections

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFM; vesicular stomatitis with exanthem)

Herpangina

Bacterial infections Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (Vincent disease; acute ulcerative gingivitis, AUG, ANG, ANUG)

Syphilis

Gonorrhea

Tuberculosis

36 Ulcers and erosions: Erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Erythema multiforme

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN, Lyell syndrome) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)

37 White lesions: Candidosis (candidiasis)

Acute pseudomembranous candidosis

Chronic hyperplastic candidosis (Candidal leukoplakia)

Chronic mucocutaneous candidosis (CMC)

38 White lesions: Keratosis, leukoplakia

Tobacco-related keratosis

Leukoplakia

39 White lesions: Hairy leukoplakia, lichen planus

Lichen planus (LP) and lichenoid reactions

Hairy leukoplakia

40 Salivary conditions: Salivary swelling and salivary excess

Salivary swelling

Saliva excess (sialorrhea, hypersialia, hypersalivation, ptyalism) and drooling

41 Salivary conditions: Dry mouth

42 Salivary conditions: Sjögren syndrome

43 Salivary conditions: Sialolithiasis, sialadenitis

Sialolithiasis

Sialadenitis

Sialadenitis: Acute viral (mumps)

Sialadenitis: Acute bacterial ascending

Sialadenitis: Chronic bacterial

Sialadenitis: Recurrent parotitis of childhood

44 Salivary conditions: Neoplasms

Benign neoplasms (adenomas)

Malignant neoplasms

45 Salivary conditions: Mucoceles, sialosis

Mucoceles (mucous cyst; mucus extravasation phenomenon; myxoid cyst)

Sialosis (sialadenosis)

46 Neck swelling

Discrete swellings in the neck

Cervical lymphadenopathy

Unexplained lymphadenopathy

Diffuse swelling of the neck

47 Neck swelling: Cervical lymphadenopathy in generalized lymphadenopathy

Systemic infections

Inflammatory disorders (not known to be infective)

Neoplastic causes

Drugs

Others

48 Neurological conditions: Bell palsy, and trigeminal sensory loss

Bell palsy

Trigeminal sensory loss

49 Neurological conditions and pain: Local, referred and vascular

Local causes of orofacial pain

Referred causes of orofacial pain

Vascular causes of orofacial pain (Table 49.4)

50 Neurological conditions and pain: Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia

51 Neurological conditions and pain: Psychogenic (idiopathic facial pain, idiopathic odontalgia, and burning mouth syndrome (oral dysesthesia))

Persistent idiopathic, or unexplained (atypical) facial pain (IFP)

Burning mouth “syndrome” (BMS, glossopyrosis, glossodynia, oral dysesthesia, scalded mouth syndrome, or stomatodynia)

52 Jaw conditions: Temporomandibular pain-dysfunction

Temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome (TMPD), myofascial pain dysfunction (MFD), facial arthromyalgia (FAM), mandibular dysfunction, or mandibular stress syndrome

53 Jaw bone conditions: adiolucencies and radiopacities

Radiolucencies

Radiopacities

Mixed radiolucent and radiopaque lesions

54 Jaw bone conditions: Odontogenic diseases and cysts

Odontogenic infections

Odontogenic cysts

55 Jaw bone conditions: Odontogenic tumors

Benign odontogenic tumors

Malignant odontogenic tumors

56 Jaw conditions: Bone disorders

Non-neoplastic diseases

Neoplastic disorders

57 Jaw bone conditions: Fibro-osseous lesions

Osseous dysplasia, cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD), periapical cemental or cemento-osseous dysplasia (PCD)

Cherubism

Fibrous dysplasia

Hypercementosis

Ossifying fibroma (cemento-ossifying fibroma)

Paget disease of bone

58 Maxillary sinus conditions

Rhinosinusitis (sinusitis)

Neoplasms

59 Oral malodor

60 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and AIDS