Modern Communications Receiver Design and Technology 1st Edition by Cornell Drentea 1596933097 9781596933095

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ISBN 10: 1596933097

ISBN 13: 9781596933095

Author: Cornell Drentea

This comprehensive sourcebook thoroughly explores the state-of-the-art in communications receivers, providing detailed practical guidance for constructing an actual high dynamic range receiver from system design to packaging. You also find clear explanations of the technical underpinnings that you need to understand for your work in the field . This cutting-edge reference presents the latest information on modern superheterodyne receivers, dynamic range, mixers, oscillators, complex coherent synthesizers, automatic gain control, DSP and software radios. You find in-depth discussions on system design, including coverage of all pertinent data and tools. Moreover, the book offers you a solid understanding of packaging and mechanical considerations, as well as a look at tomorrow’s receiver technology, including new Bragg-cell applications for ultra-wideband electronic warfare receivers. This one-stop resource is packed with over 300 illustrations that support critical topics throughout.

Modern Communications Receiver Design and Technology 1st Table of contents:

Chapter 1 Introduction to Receivers

Chapter 2 The History of Radio

2.1 The Coherer

2.2 The First Radio Receiver

2.3 The Decoherer (Practical Coherer/Decoherer Receivers)

2.4 Galena Crystal Discovery, the Fleming Valve, and the Audion

2.5 The Audion and the Regenerative Receiver

2.6 The Audion and the Local Oscillator

2.7 The Audion and the Tuned Radio Frequency (TRF) Receiver

2.8 Early Progress in Radio Receivers

Chapter 3 The Superheterodyne Receiver

3.1 Single Conversions

3.2 Multiple Conversions

3.3 Direct Conversion (Zero IF)

Chapter 4 Implementing Single Conversion Superheterodynes

4.1 The Image Problem

4.2 Upconverting—The Rule of 35%

4.3 Selectivity and IF Filters

4.4 Defi ning Baseband and Broadband: The Concept of Percentage Bandwidth

4.5 Percentage Bandwidth and Filter Design

4.6 The Seven-Layer ISO-OSI Model

4.7 IF Filters, an Introduction—History of Filter Design

4.8 Elements of Modern Filter Design

4.9 Passband, Bandwidth, and Stopband

4.10 Shape Factor

4.11 Center Frequency and Nominal Center Frequency

4.12 Attenuation and Insertion Loss

4.13 Ultimate Rejection

4.14 Ripple and Passband Ripple

4.15 Spurious Response

4.16 Linearity

4.17 Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) in IF Filters

4.18 Power Handling Capability

4.19 Settling Time and Rise Time in Filters

4.20 Phase Delay and Group Delay Distortion

4.21 Impedance

4.22 Vibration-Induced Sidebands

4.23 Modern Filter Approximations

4.24 Bessel or Linear Phase

4.25 Butterworth

4.26 Chebyshev

4.27 Cauer-Elliptic

4.28 Gaussian

4.29 Synchronously Tuned

4.30 IF Filter Technologies

4.31 Mechanical Filters

4.32 Quartz Crystal Filters

4.33 Temperature Stability in Quartz Crystal Filters

4.34 Designing High Performance Quartz IF Filters

4.35 Monolithic Crystal Filters (MCF)

4.36 The Tandem Monolithic

4.37 Ceramic Filters

4.38 Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) and Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) Filters

4.39 Technological Trade-Offs in Intermediate Frequency (IF) Filters

References

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 5 Implementing Double Conversions

Chapter 6 Implementing Multiple Conversions

Chapter 7 Implementing Direct Conversions

7.1 Image Reject Mixers

7.2 Hartley Architecture

7.3 Weaver Architecture

7.4 Self-Calibrating Architecture

7.5 Image Reject Mixer with Sign-Sign Least Mean Square (SS-LMS) Calibration Method

7.6 Image Reject Mixers Conclusions

7.7 Image Recovery Receivers

Reference

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 8 Special Conversions and Their Implementation

Chapter 9 Drift-Canceling Loops and the Barlow-Wadley Receiver

Chapter 10 High Probability of Intercept (HPOI) and the Ideal Receiver

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 11 The Role of the Receiver in a Communications Link

Reference

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 12 System Design Considerations for Modern Receivers

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Understanding Intermodulation Distortion Products

12.3 Predicting Receiver System Spurious Performance: Design Tools for Predicting Intermodulation Di

12.3.1 Product Charts and Their Use—The Intermodulation Distortion Web Analysis Tool

12.4 System Analysis for a General Coverage Communication Receiver—A Design Case

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 13 Dynamic Range

13.1 Defi nitions: The Five Types of Dynamic Range

13.1.1 Single-Tone Dynamic Range

13.1.2 Two-Tone Dynamic Range

13.2 Determining Noise Figure Requirements

13.3 Sensitivity

13.4 Design Considerations for the Front End—Composite Noise Figure

13.5 Understanding the Third-Order Intercept Point Spurious-Free Dynamic Range (IP3SFDR)

13.6 Simulating and Measuring Composite Linear Dynamic Range for an HPOI Receiver

References

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 14 High-Performance Receiver Front-End Design Example

14.1 Designing a Front End for an HF Receiver/Transceiver

14.2 Practical Preselector Design: Automatically Switched Half-Octave Filter Banks—A Design Case

14.3 Switching Mechanisms of Front-End Filters for Best Dynamic Range Performance

14.4 Automatically Switched Half-Octave Filters Design

References

Selected Bibliography

Chapter15 Mixers

15.1 The Mathematics of Mixers, Laplace, and Fourier Transforms

15.2 Mixer Topologies

15.3 The Single-Balanced Mixer

15.4 The Double-Balanced Mixer and Its Performance Characteristics

15.5 Terminating Mixers and the Diplexer

15.6 AM Noise Suppression and Phase Noise Impacts on Transferring Signals in Mixers

15.7 Conversion Loss and Noise Figure of Diode Mixers

15.8 Two-Tone Intermodulation Performance in Mixers

15.9 Compression Point (–1 dB) in Mixers

15.10 Desensitization Level and Isolation

15.11 Commutative Mixers, FET, and H-Mode Mixers

15.12 Integrated Circuit Mixers—Gilbert Cell Mixers

15.13 Image-Reject Mixers

15.14 Image Recovery Mixers

15.15 Mixer Technology Conclusions

Reference

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 16 Frequency Synthesizers

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Defi nitions

16.2.1 Leeson Oscillator Noise Model

16.3 Long-Term and Short-Term Frequency Stability

16.4 Residual Phase Noise and Absolute Phase Noise

16.5 Allan Variance

16.6 Phase Noise and Jitter Concepts

16.7 Defi ning Coherency in Synthesizers

16.8 Open Loop Systems: Mixing VFOs with Crystal Oscillators

16.9 Synthesizer Forms and Classifi cations: Brute Force, Direct and Indirect, and Nonbrute Force, D

16.9.1 Brute Force

16.9.2 Nonbrute Force

16.10 The Mixer as a Synthesizer

16.11 Digital and Analog Regenerative Dividers

16.12 Harmonic Multipliers

16.13 Single-Loop Integer Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)

16.14 Multiple-Loop, Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)

16.15 Digital Counter/Comparator and Digiphase Synthesizer

16.16 Fractional-N and Dual-Modulus Divider Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)

16.17 The Mixer Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)

16.18 Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS)–Driven PLL

16.19 Foster Seeley and Digital Frequency Discriminators

16.20 Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) Key Components

16.20.1 Master Reference Oscillator/Unit (MRU) Technology Classifi cations:Quartz (TCXO, OCXO, MCXO)

16.21 Designing a High-Performance MRU for an HPOI Receiver

16.21.1 Photonic Master Reference Unit (MRU)

16.22 Phase Detectors

16.23 Amplifi er/Loop Filter Trade-Offs

16.24 Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO)

16.25 Modeling Phase Delays in Phase-Locked Loops

16.27 Performance of the DDS-Driven PLL

16.28 The Opto-Encoder and Its Application

16.29 Key Rules in Designing PLLs

16.30 Problems: Design a Synthesized Receiver System for the FM Broadcast Band

16.31 Final Concluding Notes to Synthesizers

16.32 Additive Noise in PLL Design

References

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 17 Intermediate Frequency (IF) Receivers

17.1 Switched and Cascaded IF Filters

17.2 Implementing a High-Performance IF in the Star-10 Receiver

17.3 Logarithmic IFs

17.4 Using Logarithmic Amplifi ers in Low-Cost High-Performance ASK Data Receivers

17.5 Variable Passband Filters and Analog IFs

17.6 Noise Blankers

17.7 The Variable Pulse Noise Blanker and the Star-10 Receiver Noise Blanker

17.8 The Notch Filter and the Bandpass Tuning Mechanism

References

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 18 Automatic Gain Control (AGC)

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Linear Control Systems—Feedback Systems and Their Significance in Receivers

18.3 Achieving High Dynamic Range with AGC: The Concept of Composite Dynamic Range

18.4 Deriving and Applying AGC in Receivers

18.5 Understanding and Using Logarithmic Detectors

18.6 Square-Law Detectors

18.7 True-RMS Detectors

18.8 Attack and Release Time, Hanged AGC, and the Star-10 AGC System

18.9 Audio-Derived AGC

18.10 The PIN Diode Attenuator Used for AGC

18.11 Digital AGCs

18.12 Other Considerations for AGC Detectors

References

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 19 Product Detectors and Beat Frequency Oscillators (BFO)

19.1 I and Q Demodulation Process: The Concept of Demodulation

19.2 Other Demodulation Techniques

19.3 The Star-10 Receiver Product Detector

References

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 20 Audio and Baseband Amplifier Design Considerations

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 21 The Power Supply

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 22 Putting It All Together

22.1 Packaging and Mechanical Considerations

Chapter 23 Radio Astronomy and the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Receivers

Chapter 24 Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and Software-Defined Radio (SDR)

24.1 Introduction

24.2 Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain Representation of Discrete Time Signals

24.3 Baseband Sampling Theory

24.4 Bandpass Sampling Theory

24.5 Analog-to-Digital (A/D) Conversion

24.6 Successive Approximation A/D

24.7 Dual-Slope A/D

24.8 Flash A/D

24.9 Delta-Sigma (ΔΣ) Modulator A/D

24.10 Delta-Sigma, Quantizing, and Noise Shaping

24.11 Digital-to-Analog (D/A) Conversion

24.12 Staircase Reconstruction

24.13 Bit Stream D/A

24.14 The Fourier Transform

24.15 Discrete and Fast Fourier Transforms

24.16 Digital Filters

24.17 Infi nite Impulse Response (IIR) Filters

24.18 Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters

24.19 Smoothing Windows—Hanning/Hamming, Blackman, and Kaiser Bessel

24.20 Phase Noise and Jitter Considerations: Choosing Offsets in Bandpass Digital Signal Processing

24.21 Practical Software-Defined Radios (SDR)

24.22 The ADAT Software-Defined Radio

24.23 Other Software-Defined Radios (SDR)

24.24 Defining Software-Defined Radios (SDR)

24.25 Cognitive Radio

24.26 Conclusions

References

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 25 Electronic Warfare (EW) Receivers

25.1 Probability of Intercept (POI)

25.2 Crystal Video Receiver

25.3 The Compressive (Microscan) Receiver

25.4 Instantaneous Frequency Measurement (IFM) Receiver and Digital Instantaneous Frequency Measurem

25.5 Phase Detection in Interferometer Receivers

25.6 Wideband Swept Superheterodyne Receivers

25.7 Narrowband Swept Superheterodyne Receivers

25.8 Channelized Bulk Filter (Cued) Receiver

25.9 The Bragg Cell or Acousto-Optic Receiver and Ultrawideband Instantaneous IFs

25.10 Conclusions

References

Selected Bibliography

Chapter 26 Conclusions

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