Hunter’s Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Disease 10th edition by Edward Ryan,David Hill,Tom Solomon,Naomi Aronson,Timothy Endy 9780323625517 0323625517

Part 1 Clinical Practice in the Tropics

Section A Organ-Based Chapters

1 Tropical Lung Diseases

Introduction

Pneumonia

Tuberculosis

Parasitic and Other Pulmonary Infections in the Tropics

Eosinophilic Pneumonias

Non-Communicable Lung Diseases

Pleural Effusion

Non-Tuberculous Granulomatous Lung Disease

Occupational and Dust Lung Diseases

References

2 Cardiovascular Diseases

Common Syndromes of Cardiovascular Disease in the Tropics

Pediatric Consideration: Congenital Heart Disease

References

3 Gastrointestinal Diseases

Presentations

Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Anatomic Differentials

Gastrointestinal Diseases in Patients With HIV/AIDS

References

4 Hepatobiliary Diseases

Introduction

Approach to Liver Disease

Hepatitis and Jaundice

Vascular Liver Disease (see Table 4.2)

Focal Liver Lesions

HIV and the Liver

References

5 Hematologic Diseases

Red Cell Disorders

White Cell Disorders

Disorders of Hemostasis

References

6 Genitourinary Diseases

Communicable Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary Tract

Non-Communicable Genitourinary Diseases

References

7 Sexually Transmitted Infections

Epidemiology of STIs

Clinical Management of STIs

Key STI Syndromes

Control of STIs

References

8 Tropical Dermatology

Vesicles/Bullae

Vascular Papules and Nodules (Angiomatous Lesions)

Petechiae and Purpura

Ulcers/Verrucous Plaques

Painless Papules

Painful Papules/Urticaria

Pruritus and Papules

Pruritus Without Primary Skin Lesions

Hypopigmentation

Morbilliform Exanthems

Papulosquamous and Eczematoid Lesions

Erythroderma

Icthyosis

Serpiginous Lesions

Edema

Cachexia: Nutritional Deficiencies

References

9 Ophthalmologic Diseases

Introduction

Differential Diagnosis of the Painful, Red Eye: Key Syndromes

Chronic Diseases

References

10 Neurologic Diseases

Meningism and Meningitis

Encephalopathy and Encephalitis

Epilepsy

Dementia and Cognitive Impairment

Hemiparesis

Peripheral Nerve and Muscle Syndromes

References

11 Psychiatric Diseases

Getting Organized

Culture and Mental Health

Assessment

Assessment and Differential Diagnosis of Common Syndromes (Box 11.1)

References

Further Reading

12 Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders

Global Burden of ENT Diseases

Deafness and Hearing Impairment

Cleft Lip and Palate

Nose and Throat Infections

Head and Neck Neoplasms

References

13 Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Introduction

Trauma and Injury

Orthopedic Infections

Pediatric Conditions

Age-Related Conditions

References

Section B Skills-Based Chapters

14 General Surgery in the Tropics

Introduction

Practical Aspects of Surgery in Low-Resource Settings

An Overview of Surgical Practice in the Tropics

Topics of Interest to Surgeons and Non-Surgeons

Conclusion

References

15 Oral Health and Disease in the Tropics

Introduction

Background Information

Examining the Oral-Maxillofacial Complex

Dental Caries

Oral Mucosal Lesions (Including Oral Cancer), Other Tumors, and Noma

Oral Maxillofacial Trauma

References

16 Maternal and Newborn Health

Global Targets and Indicators for Maternal and Newborn Health

Maternal Mortality

Causes of Maternal Mortality—Why Do Women Die?

Perinatal Mortality

Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity

Strategies to Reduce Maternal and Perinatal Mortality and Morbidity

References

17 Pediatrics in a Resource-Constrained Setting

Preventive Schemes

Sustainable Development Goals

References

Section C Service-Based Chapters

18 Diagnostic Imaging in the Tropics

Introduction

Equipment and Service Development

Personnel

The Imaging of Tropical Infectious Diseases

References

19 Blood Transfusion in Resource-Limited Settings

Introduction

Blood Supply and Safety

Clinical Use of Blood Transfusion

References

20 Infection Prevention and Control in the Tropics

Introduction

Basics of Infection Control

Infection Control Practices to Decrease the Risk of Infection Transmission

Surveillance for Health Care–Associated Infections

Special Problems of the Tropics

References

21 Microbiology

Introduction

The Need for Laboratory Services

What Are the Problems for Laboratory Services?

What Can Be Done to Improve Laboratory Services?

The Importance of Biosafety

What Tests Should Be Available?

Conclusion

References

Section D Topic-Based Chapters

22 Approach to the Patient With Diarrhea

Key Syndromes

Clinical Evaluation

Laboratory Investigations

Management and Outcomes

References

23 Cancer in the Tropics

Introduction

Infection and Malignancy

Tobacco

Obesity

References

24 Heat-Associated Illness

Definition

Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

Assessment and Investigations

Diagnosis

Management and Outcomes

References

25 Traditional Medicine

Definition

General Principles

Why Is It Important for Physicians in the Tropics to Know About Traditional Medicine?

Effectiveness

Safety of Traditional Medicine

Traditional and Modern Health Systems: the Need for Cooperation

Development of New Drugs and Treatments: Intellectual Property Rights

Clinical Scenarios

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

26 Environmental Health Hazards in the Tropics

Introduction

Exposure Concepts

Major Environmental and Occupational Hazards

Recognition of Environmental and Occupational Hazards

Control and Reduction of Environmental Hazards

Global Efforts

References

27 Neglected Tropical Diseases

Introduction

Mass Drug Administration

Integrated MDA for Control and Elimination

Conclusion

References

28 Health Systems and Health Care Delivery

Introduction

Leadership and Governance

Health Care Financing

Health Workforce

Medical Products and Technologies

Health Information and Research

Health Care Service Delivery

References

29 The Health Care Response to Disasters, Complex Emergencies, and Population Displacement

The Health Effects of Complex Emergencies

Health Response and International Standards: the Sphere Project

Role of Emerging Technologies

Summary

References

Part 2 Viral Diseases

30 Introduction and General Principles

Introduction

Epidemiologic Considerations

Clinical Syndromes and Pathogenesis

Diagnostic Challenges

Opportunities for Treatment

Disease Control

References

31 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Introduction

Molecular Epidemiology

Modes of Transmission

Geographic Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Manifestations and Management of HIV Infection and Complications of HIV

Select Major Opportunistic Infections and Co-Infections

The Approach to Common Clinical Presentations

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Initial Evaluation of the Newly Diagnosed Patient

AntiRetroviral Therapy

Prevention of Opportunistic Infections

Chronic Primary Care Considerations

Primary HIV Prevention

Palliative Care

Key Features

HIV and Tuberculosis

HIV and Malaria

HIV And Streptococcus pneumoniae

References

Further Reading

References

32 Viral Infections With Cutaneous Lesions

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Prevention and Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History and Pathogenesis

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Prevention and Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Prevention and Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Prevention and Treatment

References

33 Viral Respiratory Infections

Introduction

Etiology

Epidemiology

Clinical Syndromes and Pathogenesis

Diagnosis

Prevention and Treatment

References

34 Viral Gastroenteritis

Introduction

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Disclaimer

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Prevention and Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

35 Viral Hepatitis

Introduction

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation

Treatment and Prevention

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Clinical Features

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention and Control

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Clinical Features

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention and Control

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Clinical Features and Natural History

Diagnosis

Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis and Pathology

Clinical Features

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention and Control

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Clinical Features

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention and Control

References

References

References

36 Viral Febrile Illnesses and Emerging Pathogens

Introduction

Epidemiology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Control

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Clinical Features

Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Transmission

Pathogenesis and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Control

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Prevention and Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome

Heartland Virus Disease

Sandfly Fever

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

References

37 Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

Acknowledgment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Ecology and Transmission

Disease Presentation

Pathogenesis

Laboratory Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis

Vaccines

Disclaimer

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential DiagnosIs

Treatment and Prevention

Disclaimer

References

38 Viral CNS Infections

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

Control of Animal Rabies

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Patient Evaluation and Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Part 3 Bacterial Infections

Section A Infections of the Eye and Throat

39 Trachoma and Inclusion Conjunctivitis

Trachoma

Inclusion Conjunctivitis

References

40 Group A Streptococcus

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

41 Diphtheria

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

References

Section B Respiratory Tract Infections

42 Bacterial Pneumonia

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Good Clinical Practice

Prevention and Control

References

43 Tuberculosis

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Monitoring Treatment Response

Treatment

TB and Children

Future Prospects

Reference

44 Pertussis

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Manifestations

Patient Evaluation

Treatment

Immunization Strategies

References

Section C Gastrointestinal Tract Infections

45 Helicobacter pylori Infection

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

46 Escherichia coli Diarrhea

Introduction

Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Pathogenesis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

References

47 Cholera and Other Vibrios

Vibrio Cholerae

Other Vibrios

References

48 Shigellosis

Introduction

History and Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention

References

49 Nontyphoid Salmonella Disease

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Vaccination

References

50 Campylobacter Infections

Introduction

Epidemiology

Breastfeeding and Infection

Clinical Features

Post-Infectious Inflammatory Complications

Laboratory Diagnosis and Typing

Treatment

Prevention and Control

Acknowledgment

References

51 Miscellaneous Bacterial Enteritides

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Miscellaneous Infections

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prevention and Control

References

Key Features

Introduction

Epidemiology

Natural History, Pathogenesis, and Pathology

Clinical Features

Patient Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis

Treatment