Human Biochemistry 1st Edition by Gerald Litwack ISBN 0123838657 9780123838650

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ISBN 10: 0123838657

ISBN 13: 9780123838650

Author:  Gerald Litwack 

Human Biochemistry 1st Edition: Human Biochemistry includes clinical case studies and applications that are useful to medical, dentistry and pharmacy students. It enables users to practice for future careers as both clinicians and researchers.
Offering immediate application of biochemical principles into clinical terms in an updated way, this book is the unparalleled textbook for medical biochemistry courses in medical, dental and pharmacy programs.

– Winner of a 2018 Most Promising New Textbook (College) Award (Texty) from the Textbook and Academic Authors Association
– 2019 PROSE Awards – Winner: Category: Textbook/Biological and Life Science: Association of American Publishers
– Offers immediate application of biochemical principles into clinical terms in an updated way
– Contains coverage of the most current research in medical biochemistry
– Presents the first solution designed to reflect the needs of both research oriented and clinically oriented medical students

Human Biochemistry 1st Edition Table of contents:

• Chapter 1. Organ Systems and Tissues

  • Treatment of the Injured Knee: Use of Stem Cells to Replace Damaged Cartilage
  • Development of Organs
  • Stem Cells
  • Gross Structures and Functions of Organ Systems
  • Skin
  • The Skeleton
  • Cellular Composition of Tissues

• Chapter 2. The Cell

  • Cellular Trafficking in Alzheimer’s Disease
  • Cell Membrane
  • Nucleus and Cell Division
  • Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • Mitochondria
  • Peroxisome
  • Lysosome

• Chapter 3. Introductory Discussion on Water, pH, Buffers and General Features of Receptors, Channels and Pumps

  • Diabetes Insipidus
  • Thirst and Arginine Vasopressin (AVP)
  • Action of Arginine Vasopressin on the Distal Kidney Tubule
  • Water and Biological Roles
  • Water Channels: Aquaporins (AQPs)
  • The Role of Water in Protein Folding
  • Protein–Water Interactions in Enzymatic Reactions
  • Metabolic Water
  • Proton Transfer in Liquid Water
  • The Concentration of Hydrogen Ions (Protons) in Solution (pH)
  • Buffers
  • Receptors
  • Ion Channels
  • Enzymatic Pumping Mechanism

• Chapter 4. Proteins

  • Prion Disease, A Disease of Protein Conformational Change
  • Amino Acids
  • Proteins
  • Protein Classification

• Chapter 5. Enzymes

  • Diagnostic Enzymology
  • General Aspects of Catalysis
  • Classification
  • Coenzymes
  • Prosthetic Groups
  • Drugs That Operate as Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Enzyme Replacement Therapy—Gaucher Disease

• Chapter 6. Insulin and Sugars

  • Diabetes
  • Insulin
  • The Pancreatic β-Cell and Insulin Secretion
  • Detrimental Effects of Diabetes
  • Synthetic Sweeteners
  • Chemistry of Simple Sugars
  • Glucose Transport
  • Pentose Phosphate Pathway
  • Conversion of Ribose to Deoxyribose
  • Carbohydrate Constituents of Proteins—Glycoproteins
  • Transfer of Nucleotide Sugars into the Golgi cisternae
  • Sugars in Blood Group Proteins
  • Lactose Intolerance
  • Glycobiology

• Chapter 7. Glycogen and Glycogenolysis

  • Glycogen Storage Disease (GSD) Type I, von Gierke Disease (and Others: At Least 11 Types of GSD)
  • Glycogen—The Storage Carbohydrate
  • Glucose Metabolism in Muscle
  • Glycogenin and Formation of Glycogen
  • Glycogenolysis (Releasing Glucose from Glycogen)
  • Hormonal Control of Glycogen Metabolism and Blood Glucose Level
  • Glucagon
  • Epinephrine
  • Insulin
  • Glycogen Phosphorylase
  • Different Glucose Transporters (GLUTs) in Different Tissues

• Chapter 8. Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

  • Hemolytic Anemia: Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G3PDH) Deficiency (A Rare Disease)
  • The Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP)
  • Glycolysis, the Emden–Meyerhof Pathway
  • Phosphofructokinase Enzymes Involved in the Conversion of Fructose-6-Phosphate to Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate
  • Cell Proliferation and Tumor Growth—the Warburg Effect
  • Gluconeogenesis
  • Glucose Transporters

• Chapter 9. Lipids

  • Hypercholesterolemia
  • Biosynthesis of Cholesterol
  • Inhibition of Liver HMGCoA Reductase by Drugs (Statins)
  • The ARH Protein
  • Bile Acids
  • Fatty Acids and Fat
  • Properties of Lipoproteins
  • Lipid Anchoring of Proteins to Membranes

• Chapter 10. Nucleic Acids and Molecular Genetics

  • Huntington’s Disease, a Single Gene Mutation
  • Purines and Pyrimidines
  • Base Pairing
  • The Structure of DNA
  • Biosynthesis of Purines and Pyrimidines
  • Purine Interconversions
  • Catabolism of Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotides
  • Salvage Pathway
  • Mitochondrial DNA Synthesis
  • DNA Mutations and Damage
  • Restriction Enzymes
  • Probing Libraries for Specific Genes
  • Hybridization Techniques
  • Amplification of DNA Sequences: Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Identification of a Specific Gene on a Chromosome
  • Determining DNA Sequence
  • Inhibitors of DNA Synthesis
  • RNA Interference
  • Coding DNA
  • Noncoding DNA
  • Transposons
  • Alu Elements
  • 5′ Capping of RNA Containing Exons and Introns
  • Polyadenylation of Pre-mRNA
  • Overall Transcription–Translation Process
  • Intron Exclusion From Pre-mRNA
  • Coding Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
  • Noncoding RNAs
  • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
  • Small Nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)
  • Genomics

• Chapter 11. Protein Biosynthesis

  • Defects in Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation and Disease; Deficiency in Mitochondrial Translation
  • Protein Synthesis Directed by the Nucleus
  • The Ribosome

• Chapter 12. Transcription

  • Congenital Heart Disease; Mutations of Transcription Factors
  • Transcription Factors and the Transcription Complex
  • Enhancers
  • Coactivators and Corepressors
  • The Glucocorticoid Receptor as a Model Transcription Factor
  • Classes of Nuclear Receptors
  • Cell Membrane Receptors
  • Receptor Isoforms
  • Chromatin

• Chapter 13. Metabolism of Amino Acids

  • Urea-Cycle-Related Disease: Hyperammonemia
  • The Urea Cycle
  • Amino Acid Metabolism: Amino and Amide Group Transfers
  • Transamination
  • Transamidation
  • Deamination
  • Oxidation of Amino Acids
  • Amino Acid Racemization
  • L-Amino Acid Decarboxylation
  • Metabolism of Amino Acids to Active Substances
  • Catabolism of Amino Acids

• Chapter 14. Metabolism of Fat, Carbohydrate, and Nucleic Acids

  • Gaucher Disease: Most Common Lipid Storage Disease
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Carbohydrate Metabolism
  • The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA Cycle), Citric Acid Cycle, or Kreb’s Cycle
  • Nucleic Acid Metabolism
  • Overview of Metabolism
  • Metabolism in Stem Cells

• Chapter 15. Polypeptide Hormones

  • Panhypopituitarism: Malfunction of the Hypothalamus–Pituitary-End Organ Axis
  • Hormonal Signaling Pathways
  • Signaling From Hypothalamus to Posterior Pituitary
  • Models of Hormone Action of Anterior Pituitary Hormones
  • Orexins (Hypocretins): Hypothalamic Hormones Controlling Sleep and Feeding
  • Adiponectin From Adipose (Fat) Tissue
  • Hormones of the Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract

• Chapter 16. Steroid Hormones

  • Stress
  • Structures of Steroid Hormone Receptors
  • Physiological Functions of Steroid Hormones from Specific Receptor Knockouts
  • Steroid Transporting Proteins in Plasma
  • Enzymatic Inactivation of Cortisol
  • Cortisol and Aldosterone
  • Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
  • Structural Considerations of Steroid Hormones
  • Receptor Activation
  • Vitamin D Hormone
  • Thyroid Hormone
  • Environmental Xenobiotics That Agonize or Antagonize the Estrogen Receptor
  • Crosstalk Between Steroid Receptors and Peptide Hormones
  • Sex Hormones
  • Peroxisome Proliferators and Their Receptors
  • Glucocorticoid Induction of Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis)

• Chapter 17. Growth Factors and Cytokines

  • Prospects for Cytokine TRAIL (TNF-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand) and Ovarian Cancer
  • The Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Superfamily
  • Growth Factors

• Chapter 18. Membrane Transport

  • Cystic Fibrosis (Mucoviscidosis) and Aberrant Ion Transport
  • Types of Membrane Transport
  • Fatty Acid Transport Proteins
  • Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels
  • Epithelial Sodium Conductance Channel
  • Multidrug Resistance Channel (MDR), a Member of the ABC Transporter Superfamily
  • Blood–Brain-Barrier

• Chapter 19. Micronutrients (Metals and Iodine)

  • Iron Deficiency Anemia
  • Uptake of Iron During Digestion
  • Heme Synthesis
  • Hemoglobin Formation
  • Trace Elements

• Chapter 20. Vitamins and Nutrition

  • Vitamin D Deficiency
  • Vitamins
  • Fat-Soluble Vitamins
  • Balanced Nutrition

• Chapter 21. Blood and Lymphatic System

  • Deep Vein Thrombosis
  • Blood-Clotting Mechanism
  • Blood
  • Lymphatic System

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