Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 13th edition by John Hall 9780323389303 0323389309

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ISBN 10: 0323389309
ISBN 13: 9780323389303 
Author: John E. Hall

Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 13th Table of contents:

Unit I: Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology

Chapter 1: Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Internal Environment”

• Cells are the Living Units of the Body
• Extracellular Fluid—the “Internal Environment”
• Homeostasis—Maintenance of A Nearly Constant Internal Environment
• Control Systems of the Body
• Summary—Automaticity of the Body
• Bibliography

Chapter 2: The Cell and Its Functions

• Organization of the Cell
• Physical Structure of the Cell
• Comparison of the Animal Cell with Precellular Forms of Life
• Functional Systems of the Cell
• Locomotion of Cells
• Bibliography

Chapter 3: Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction

• Genes in the Cell Nucleus Control Protein Synthesis
• The DNA Code in the Cell Nucleus is Transferred to RNA Code in the Cell Cytoplasm—The Process of Transcription
• Synthesis of Other Substances in the Cell
• Control of Gene Function and Biochemical Activity in Cells
• The DNA–Genetic System Controls Cell Reproduction
• Cell Differentiation
• Apoptosis—Programmed Cell Death
• Cancer
• Bibliography

Unit II: Membrane Physiology, Nerve, and Muscle

Chapter 4: Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes

• The Cell Membrane Consists of a Lipid Bilayer with Cell Membrane Transport Proteins
• Diffusion
• “Active Transport” of Substances Through Membranes
• Bibliography

Chapter 5: Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials

• Basic Physics of Membrane Potentials
• Measuring the Membrane Potential
• Resting Membrane Potential of Neurons
• Neuron Action Potential
• Propagation of the Action Potential
• Re-Establishing Sodium and Potassium Ionic Gradients After Action Potentials are Completed—Importance of Energy Metabolism
• Plateau in Some Action Potentials
• Rhythmicity of Some Excitable Tissues—Repetitive Discharge
• Special Characteristics of Signal Transmission in Nerve Trunks
• Bibliography

Chapter 6: Contraction of Skeletal Muscle

• Physiological Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle
• General Mechanism of Muscle Contraction
• Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Contraction
• Energetics of Muscle Contraction
• Characteristics of Whole Muscle Contraction
• Bibliography

Chapter 7: Excitation of Skeletal Muscle

• Transmission of Impulses from Nerve Endings to Skeletal Muscle Fibers: the Neuromuscular Junction
• Muscle Action Potential
• Excitation-Contraction Coupling
• Bibliography

Chapter 8: Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle

• Contraction of Smooth Muscle
• Regulation of Contraction by Calcium Ions
• Nervous and Hormonal Control of Smooth Muscle Contraction
• Bibliography

Unit III: The Heart

Chapter 9: Cardiac Muscle; The Heart as a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves

• Physiology of Cardiac Muscle
• Cardiac Cycle
• Regulation of Heart Pumping
• Bibliography

Chapter 10: Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart

• Specialized Excitatory and Conductive System of the Heart
• Control of Excitation and Conduction in the Heart
• Bibliography

Chapter 11: The Normal Electrocardiogram

• Characteristics of the Normal Electrocardiogram
• Flow of Current Around the Heart During the Cardiac Cycle
• Electrocardiographic Leads
• Methods for Recording Electrocardiograms
• Bibliography

Chapter 12: Electrocardiographic Interpretation of Cardiac Muscle and Coronary Blood Flow Abnormalities

• Principles of Vectorial Analysis of Electrocardiograms
• Vectorial Analysis of the Normal Electrocardiogram
• Mean Electrical Axis of the Ventricular QRS and Its Significance
• Conditions that Cause Abnormal Voltages of the QRS Complex
• Prolonged and Bizarre Patterns of the QRS Complex
• Current of Injury
• Abnormalities in the T Wave
• Bibliography

Chapter 13: Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation

• Abnormal Sinus Rhythms
• Abnormal Rhythms that Result from Block of Heart Signals within the Intracardiac Conduction Pathways
• Premature Contractions
• Paroxysmal Tachycardia
• Ventricular Fibrillation
• Atrial Fibrillation
• Atrial Flutter
• Cardiac Arrest
• Bibliography

Unit IV: The Circulation

Chapter 14: Overview of the Circulation; Biophysics of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance

• Physical Characteristics of the Circulation
• Basic Principles of Circulatory Function
• Interrelationships of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance
• Bibliography

Chapter 15: Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems

• Vascular Distensibility
• Arterial Pressure Pulsations
• Veins and Their Functions
• Bibliography

Chapter 16: The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System

• Structure of the Microcirculation and Capillary System
• Flow of Blood in the Capillaries—Vasomotion
• Exchange of Water, Nutrients, and Other Substances between the Blood and Interstitial Fluid
• Interstitium and Interstitial Fluid
• Fluid Filtration Across Capillaries is Determined by Hydrostatic and Colloid Osmotic Pressures and the Capillary Filtration Coefficient
• Lymphatic System
• Bibliography

Chapter 17: Local and Humoral Control of Tissue Blood Flow

• Local Control of Blood Flow in Response to Tissue Needs
• Mechanisms of Blood Flow Control
• Humoral Control of the Circulation
• Bibliography

Chapter 18: Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure

• Nervous Regulation of the Circulation
• Special Features of Nervous Control of Arterial Pressure
• Bibliography

Chapter 19: Role of the Kidneys in Long-Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension

• Renal–Body Fluid System for Arterial Pressure Control
• The Renin-Angiotensin System: Its Role in Arterial Pressure Control
• Summary of the Integrated, Multifaceted System for Arterial Pressure Regulation
• Bibliography

Chapter 20: Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation

• Normal Values for Cardiac Output at Rest and During Activity
• Control of Cardiac Output by Venous Return—The Frank-Starling Mechanism of the Heart
• Pathologically High or Low Cardiac Outputs
• Methods for Measuring Cardiac Output
• Bibliography

Chapter 21: Muscle Blood Flow and Cardiac Output During Exercise; the Coronary Circulation and Ischemic Heart Disease

• Blood Flow Regulation in Skeletal Muscle at Rest and During Exercise
• Coronary Circulation
• Bibliography

Chapter 22: Cardiac Failure

• Circulatory Dynamics in Cardiac Failure
• Unilateral Left Heart Failure
• Low-Output Cardiac Failure—Cardiogenic Shock
• Edema in Patients with Cardiac Failure
• Cardiac Reserve
• Bibliography

Chapter 23: Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects

• Heart Sounds
• Abnormal Circulatory Dynamics in Valvular Heart Disease
• Abnormal Circulatory Dynamics in Congenital Heart Defects
• Use of Extracorporeal Circulation during Cardiac Surgery
• Hypertrophy of the Heart in Valvular and Congenital Heart Disease
• Bibliography

Chapter 24: Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment

• Physiological Causes of Shock
• Shock Caused by Hypovolemia—Hemorrhagic Shock
• Neurogenic Shock—Increased Vascular Capacity
• Anaphylactic Shock and Histamine Shock
• Septic Shock
• Physiology of Treatment in Shock
• Circulatory Arrest
• Bibliography

Unit V: The Body Fluids and Kidneys

Chapter 25: The Body Fluid Compartments

• Fluid Intake and Output are Balanced during Steady-State Conditions
• Body Fluid Compartments
• Constituents of Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids
• Measurement of Fluid Volumes in the Different Body Fluid Compartments—the Indicator-Dilution Principle
• Determination of Volumes of Specific Body Fluid Compartments
• Regulation of Fluid Exchange and Osmotic Equilibrium between Intracellular and Extracellular Fluid
• Volume and Osmolality of Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids in Abnormal States
• Glucose and Other Solutions Administered for Nutritive Purposes
• Clinical Abnormalities of Fluid Volume Regulation: Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia
• Edema: Excess Fluid in the Tissues
• Fluids in the “Potential Spaces” of the Body
• Bibliography

Chapter 26: The Urinary System

• Multiple Functions of the Kidneys
• Physiological Anatomy of the Kidneys
• Micturition
• Urine Formation Results From Glomerular Filtration, Tubular Reabsorption, and Tubular Secretion
• Bibliography

Chapter 27: Glomerular Filtration, Renal Blood Flow, and Their Control

• Glomerular Filtration—the First Step in Urine Formation
• Determinants of the GFR
• Renal Blood Flow
• Physiological Control of Glomerular Filtration and Renal Blood Flow
• Autoregulation of GFR and Renal Blood Flow
• Bibliography

Chapter 28: Renal Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

• Tubular Reabsorption is Quantitatively Large and Highly Selective
• Tubular Reabsorption Includes Passive and Active Mechanisms
• Reabsorption and Secretion Along Different Parts of the Nephron
• Regulation of Tubular Reabsorption
• Use of Clearance Methods to Quantify Kidney Function
• Bibliography

Chapter 29: Urine Concentration and Dilution; Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Osmolarity and Sodium Concentration

• Kidneys Excrete Excess Water by Forming Dilute Urine
• Kidneys Conserve Water by Excreting Concentrated Urine
• Special Characteristics of the Loop of Henle That Cause Solutes to be Trapped in the Renal Medulla
• Control of Extracellular Fluid Osmolarity and Sodium Concentration
• Osmoreceptor-ADH Feedback System
• Importance of Thirst in Controlling Extracellular Fluid Osmolarity and Sodium Concentration
• Bibliography

Chapter 30: Renal Regulation of Potassium, Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium; Integration of Renal Mechanisms for Control of Blood Volume and Extracellular Fluid Volume

• Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Potassium Concentration and Potassium Excretion
• Control of Renal Calcium Excretion and Extracellular Calcium Ion Concentration
• Control of Renal Magnesium Excretion and Extracellular Magnesium Ion Concentration
• Integration of Renal Mechanisms for Control of Extracellular Fluid
• Importance of Pressure Natriuresis and Pressure Diuresis in Maintaining Body Sodium and Fluid Balance
• Distribution of Extracellular Fluid between the Interstitial Spaces and Vascular System
• Nervous and Hormonal Factors Increase the Effectiveness of Renal–Body Fluid Feedback Control
• Integrated Responses to Changes in Sodium Intake
• Conditions That Cause Large Increases in Blood Volume and Extracellular Fluid Volume
• Conditions That Cause Large Increases in Extracellular Fluid Volume but with Normal Blood Volume
• Bibliography

Chapter 31: Acid-Base Regulation

• H+ Concentration is Precisely Regulated
• Acids and Bases—Their Definitions and Meanings
• Defending Against Changes in H+ Concentration: Buffers, Lungs, and Kidneys
• Buffering of H+ in the Body Fluids
• Bicarbonate Buffer System
• Phosphate Buffer System
• Proteins are Important Intracellular Buffers
• Respiratory Compensation
• Renal Compensation
• Bibliography

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