First Trimester Ultrasound A Comprehensive Guide 1st Edition by Jacques Abramowicz ISBN 3319202022 978-3319202020

The content you’ve provided is a detailed table of contents from a comprehensive text on ultrasound in early pregnancy, addressing various aspects of first-trimester sonography and related topics. Here’s a summary of the key areas covered:

1. Ultrasound Safety in Early Pregnancy

• Focuses on the bioeffects, including thermal and non-thermal effects of ultrasound, particularly in early pregnancy. It discusses safety guidelines, acoustic output, and the need to minimize fetal exposure.

2. Ultrasound and Infertility

• Explores the role of ultrasound in assessing fertility, monitoring follicular development, and supporting assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including oocyte retrieval and embryo transfer.

3. Maternal Comorbidities and Ultrasound

• Discusses the impact of preexisting maternal conditions (e.g., diabetes, obesity, vascular disease) on first-trimester ultrasound findings and fetal development.

4. Embryology in the First Trimester

• Provides an overview of early embryonic development from weeks 1 to 8, including organ development, neural tube formation, and cardiac development.

5. Teratology and Ultrasound

• Reviews teratogenic risks, including drugs, infections, and environmental factors (e.g., ionizing radiation), and their implications for ultrasound screening during pregnancy.

6. First-Trimester Ultrasound Guidelines

• Outlines the essential elements of the first-trimester ultrasound exam, including equipment, indications, timing, fetal viability, and the detection of fetal anomalies.

7. Normal First-Trimester Pregnancy

• Describes the typical ultrasound findings in early pregnancy, such as gestational sac, yolk sac, embryo, and fetal heart activity, and outlines the criteria for assessing viability and dating.

8. Aneuploidy Screening

• Covers biochemical and ultrasound-based screening methods for detecting chromosomal abnormalities, including the role of nuchal translucency and other markers.

9. Fetal Biometry

• Discusses the use of biometric measurements like crown-rump length, nuchal translucency, and other indicators to assess gestational age and fetal growth in early pregnancy.

10. Threshold and Discriminatory Zone

• Focuses on the thresholds for detecting early pregnancy failure, such as hCG levels and ultrasound findings.

11. Fetal Heart in Early Pregnancy

• Explores the early detection of fetal cardiac anomalies, including heart-to-chest ratios, cardiac axis, and common congenital heart defects.

12. Doppler Sonography in Early Pregnancy

• Reviews Doppler techniques, particularly for assessing the ductus venosus, tricuspid flow, and uterine artery, and their applications in screening for fetal abnormalities and assessing pregnancy complications.

13. Three-Dimensional Ultrasound

• Discusses the potential uses of 3D ultrasound in early pregnancy, including prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies.

14. Multiple Gestations

• Addresses the complexities of multiple pregnancies, including diagnosis, placentation, complications (e.g., twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome), and screening for genetic and structural abnormalities.

15. Early Pregnancy Failure

• Describes the ultrasound characteristics of early pregnancy failure, such as abnormal gestational sac appearance, lack of embryo, and other signs of miscarriage.

16. Ectopic Pregnancy

• Explores ultrasound in diagnosing ectopic pregnancies, particularly pregnancy of unknown location (PUL), and provides guidelines for early detection and management.

17. Cesarean Scar Pregnancy

• Focuses on the diagnosis and management of first-trimester pregnancies located in the cesarean scar, a rare but significant complication.

18. Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

• Discusses the use of ultrasound in diagnosing molar pregnancies, managing trophoblastic neoplasia, and monitoring post-molar follow-up.

19. Fetal Anomalies

• Identifies various fetal anomalies that can be detected in the first trimester, including structural issues with the head, face, spine, heart, and abdomen.

20. Invasive Procedures in Early Pregnancy

• Provides detailed information on procedures like chorionic villus sampling (CVS), amniocentesis, and fetal reduction, discussing indications, risks, and safety considerations.

21. Pelvic Masses in Early Pregnancy

• Reviews the role of ultrasound in diagnosing pelvic masses during early pregnancy, including uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, and other adnexal masses.