Encyclopedia of Disasters Environmental Catastrophes and Human Tragedies 2 Volumes 1st Edition by Angus Gunn 0313087474 9780313087479

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ISBN 10: 0313087474

ISBN 13: 9780313087479

Author: Angus M. Gunn

Disasters can strike at any time. From the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius to Hurricane Katrina, floods, tornadoes, earthquakes, hurricanes and other natural disasters have caused tremendous loss of life, human suffering, and environmental catastrophe. The complex technological and social changes of the last few centuries have not only intensified the impact of such natural disasters, but have added new introduced new reasons to be concerned – plane crashes, bombings, industrial accidents, genocides. Calling some disasters natural and others man-made downplays the important interrelationship between the event and human actions. Human actions – or inactions – can catapult a natural phenomenon into a deadly catastrophe. Likewise, nature can be terribly disrupted by events that are created by humans. Encyclopedia of Disasters covers over 180 of the most important disasters in history. Arranged chronologically, the encyclopedia includes entries on those disasters that have had the greatest historical, environmental, and cultural impact: The eruption of Mt. Vesuvius, which destroyed the towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum; the London Fire of 1666, which flattened much of London and allowed the rebuilding of the city; the influenza epidemic of 1918, which killed millions; the 1964 Prince William Sound earthquake in Alaska, which caused death and destruction as far away as Hawaii; the worst nuclear power plant accident in Chernobyl, Ukraine, in 1964, that has rendered the surrounding landscape uninhabitable; and the 2004 earthquake that created a tsunami that killed thousands in Sumatra. Each entry includes a list of readings for additional research, and the encyclopedia is illustrated with numerous photos and line illustrations that show the destruction and despair caused by these disasters.

Encyclopedia of Disasters Environmental Catastrophes and Human Tragedies 2 Volumes 1st Table of contents:

1. Supervolcano Toba, Indonesia, 74000 BC

2. Rome, Italy, fire, 64

3. Pompeii, Italy, volcanic eruption, 79

4. Alexandria, Egypt, tsunami, 365

5. Antioch, Syria (now Antakya, Turkey), earthquake, 526

6. Constantinople, Byzantine Empire, Black Death plague, 542

7. Corinth, Greece, earthquake, 856

8. Damghan, Persia, earthquake, 856

9. Aleppo, Syria, earthquake, 1138

10. Shaanxi, China, earthquake, 1556

11. Arequipa, Peru, volcanic eruption, 1600

12. London, England, Black Death plague, 1665

13. London, England, fire, 1666

14. Port Royal, Jamaica, earthquake, 1692

15. Cascadia earthquake, 1700

16. Lisbon, Portugal, earthquake and tsunami, 1755

17. Massachusetts offshore earthquake, 1755

18. Bengal, India, famine, 1770

19. Connecticut earthquake, 1791

20. New Madrid, Missouri, earthquakes, 1811 and 1812

21. West Ventura, California, earthquake, 1812

22. Tambora, Indonesia, volcanic eruption, 1815

23. Natchez, Mississippi, tornado, 1840

24. Fort Tejon, California, earthquake, 1857

25. Calcutta, India, cyclone, 1864

26. Kau, Hawaii, earthquake, 1868

27. Chicago, Illinois, fire, 1871

28. Owens Valley, California, earthquake, 1872

29. Bangladesh cyclone, 1876

30. Marshfield, Missouri, tornado, 1880

31. Georgia/South Carolina hurricane, 1881

32. Haiphong, Vietnam, typhoon, 1881

33. Krakatau, Indonesia, volcanic eruption, 1883

34. Charleston, South Carolina, earthquake, 1886

35. Yellow River, China, flood, 1887

36. Johnstown, Pennsylvania, flood, 1889

37. Louisville, Kentucky, tornado, 1890

38. Japan earthquake, 1891

39. Imperial Valley, California, earthquake, 1892

40. Georgia/South Carolina hurricane, 1893

41. Louisiana hurricane, 1893

42. St. Louis, Missouri, tornado, 1896

43. Sanriku, Japan, earthquake and tsunami, 1896

44. Assam, India, earthquake, 1897

45. Eureka, California, earthquake, 1899

46. New Richmond, Wisconsin, tornado, 1899

47. Yakutat, Alaska, earthquake, 1899

48. Galveston, Texas, hurricane, 1900

49. Cook Inlet, Alaska, earthquake, 1901

50. Mount Pelee volcanic eruption, 1902

51. Goliad, Texas, tornado, 1902

52. Santa Maria, Guatemala, volcanic eruption, 1902

53. Turtle Mountain, Alberta, Canada, landslide, 1903

54. Chicago, Illinois, fire, 1903

55. St. Petersburg, Russia, revolution, 1905

56. Mongolia earthquake, 1905

57. San Francisco, California, earthquake, 1906

58. Socorro 1, New Mexico, earthquake, 1906

59. Socorro 2, New Mexico, earthquake, 1906

60. Ecuador offshore earthquake, 1906

61. Monongah, Pennsylvania, explosion 1907

62. Amite, Louisiana, tornado, 1908

63. Louisiana hurricane, 1909

64. Oregon earthquake, 1910

65. Titanic iceburg tragedy, 1912

66. Katmai, Alaska, volcanic eruption, 1912

67. Omaha, Nebraska, tornado, 1913

68. Texas hurricane, 1915

69. Pleasant Valley, Nevada, earthquake, 1915

70. Mattoon, Illinois, tornado, 1917

71. Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, explosion, 1917

72. World-wide flu pandemic, 1918–1919

73. Mona Passage, Puerto Rico, earthquake, 1918

74. Vancouver Island, Canada, earthquake, 1918

75. Kelud, Indonesia, volcanic eruption, 1919

76. Florida/Gulf of Mexico hurricane, 1919

77. Humboldt, California, earthquake, 1923

78. Kamchatka, Russia, earthquake, 1923

79. Tokyo, Japan, earthquake, 1923

80. Charlevoix, Quebec, earthquake, 1925

81. Illinois/Indiana/Missouri tornado, 1925

82. Clarkston Valley, Montana, earthquake, 1925

83. Santa Barbara, California, earthquake, 1925

84. Florida hurricane, 1926

85. Lompoc, California, earthquake, 1927

86. St. Francis Dam failure, 1928

87. Lake Okeechobee hurricane, 1928

88. Stock Market Collapse, 1929

89. Grand Banks, Nova Scotia, earthquake, 1929

90. Ukraine catastrophe, 1932

91. Nevada earthquake, 1932

92. Sanriku, Japan, earthquake, 1933

93. Baffin Bay, Canada, earthquake, 1933

94. Bihar, India, earthquake, 1934

95. Quetta earthquake, 1935

96. Labor Day hurricane 1935

97. Gainesville tornado, 1936

98. Hindenburg crash, 1937

99. Nanking massacre, 1937

Volume 2

100. New England hurricane, 1938

101. Imperial Valley, California, earthquake, 1940

102. Paricutin, Mexico, volcanic eruption, 1943

103. San Juan, Argentina, earthquake, 1944

104. Shinnston, West Virginia, tornado, 1944

105. Northeast United States hurricane, 1944

106. Cleveland, Ohio, gas explosion, 1944

107. Hiroshima, Japan, nuclear bomb, 1945

108. Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, nuclear tests, 1946

109. Unimak, Alaska, tsunami, 1946

110. Vancouver Island, Canada, earthquake, 1946

111. Nankaido, Japan, earthquake, 1946

112. Woodward, Oklahoma, tornado, 1947

113. Texas City, Texas, explosion, 1947

114. Puget Sound, Washington, earthquake, 1949

115. Queen Charlotte Islands, Canada, earthquake, 1949

116. Assam, India, earthquake, 1950

117. Kern County, California, earthquake, 1952

118. Kamchatka, Russia, earthquake, 1952

119. London, England, suffocating smog, 1952

120. Netherlands (Holland) flood, 1953

121. Waco, Texas, tornado, 1953

122. Flint, Michigan, tornado, 1953

123. Fallon-Stillwater, Nevada, earthquake, 1954

124. Thalidomide drug tragedy, 1957

125. Lituya Bay, Alaska, earthquake, 1958

126. West Yellowstone, Montana, earthquake, 1959

127. Japan typhoon, 1959

128. Chile earthquake, 1960

129. New York City, New York, mid-air collision, 1960

130. Tristan da Cunha volcanic eruption, 1961

131. Vaiont Dam, Italy, collapse, 1963

132. Prince William Sound, Alaska, earthquake, 1964

133. Hurricane Betsy, 1965

134. Aberfan, South Wales, Britain, landslide, 1966

135. Hurricane Camille, 1969

136. Peru earthquake, 1970

137. Bangladesh cyclone, 1970

138. Iraq mercury poisoning, 1971

139. Hurricane Agnes, 1972

140. Munich, Germany, terrorism, 1972

141. Managua, Nicaragua, earthquake, 1972

142. Iceland volcanic eruption, 1973

143. Brisbane, Australia, flood, 1974

144. Kalapana, Hawaii, earthquake, 1975

145. Guatemala earthquake, 1976

146. Teton Dam, Idaho, collapse, 1976

147. Seveso, Italy, dioxin spill, 1976

148. Tangshan, China, earthquake, 1976

149. France oil spill, 1978

150. Love Canal, New York, contamination, 1978

151. Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania, nuclear accident, 1979

152. Mount St. Helens, Washington, volcanic eruption, 1980

153. Canada, sinking of oil platform, 1982

154. Coalinga, California, earthquake, 1983

155. Bhopal, India, gas poisoning, 1984

156. Air terrorism, 1985

157. Mexico earthquake, 1985

158. Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, volcanic eruption, 1985

159. Challenger (space shuttle), Florida, fire/explosion, 1986

160. Chernobyl, Ukraine, nuclear accident, 1986

161. Armenia earthquake, 1988

162. Alaska oil spill, 1989

163. Tiananmen Square, China, massacre, 1989

164. Loma Prieta, California, earthquake, 1989

165. Persian Gulf oil inferno, 1991

166. Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, volcanic eruption, 1991

167. Hurricane Andrew, 1992

168. New York City, New York, terrorism, 1993

169. Northridge, California, earthquake, 1994

170. Rwanda genocide, 1994

171. Kobe, Japan, earthquake, 1995

172. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, terrorism, 1995

173. Srebrenica, Bosnia-Herzegovina, genocide, 1995

174. Red River flood, 1997

175. Hurricane Floyd, 1999

176. Peru offshore earthquake, 2001

177. Nine Eleven, New York City, New York, terrorism, 2001

178. United States anthrax terrorism, 2001

179. Sumatra, Indonesia, earthquake and tsunami, 2004

180. Northern California offshore earthquake, 2005

181. Hurricane Katrina, 2005

182. Pakistan earthquake, 2005

183. Taiwan earthquake, 2006

184. Greensburg, Kansas, tornado, 2007

Appendix 1: USGS List of Worldwide Earthquakes (1500–2007)

Appendix 2: U.S. Natural Environments

Appendix 3: World’s Deadliest Disasters

Appendix 4: Measuring Natural Disasters

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