Davidson principles and practice of medicine 23rd Edition by Stuart Ralston, Ian Penman, Mark Strachan, Richard Hobson ISBN 9780702070242 0702070246

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ISBN 10: 0702070246
ISBN 13: 9780702070242
Author: Stuart Ralston, Ian Penman, Mark Strachan, Richard Hobson

 

More than two million medical students, doctors and other health professionals around the globe have owned a copy of Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine since it was first published. Now in its 23rd Edition, this textbook describes the pathophysiology and clinical features of the most frequently encountered conditions in the major specialties of adult medicine and explains how to recognise, investigate, diagnose and manage them. Taking its origins from Sir Stanley Davidson’s much-admired lecture notes, Davidson’s has endured because it keeps pace with how modern medicine is taught and provides a wealth of information in an easy-to-read, concise and beautifully illustrated format. This book will serve readers everywhere as a core text that integrates medical science with clinical medicine, conveying key knowledge and practical advice in a highly accessible and readable format.

• The opening section describes the fundamentals of genetics, immunology, infectious diseases and population health, and discusses the core principles of clinical decision-making and good prescribing.
• A new second section on emergency and critical care medicine encompasses poisoning, envenomation and environmental medicine, and introduces a new chapter on acute medicine and critical illness.
• The third section covers the major medical specialties, each thoroughly revised and brought fully up to date. Two new chapters on maternal and adolescent/transition medicine complement the one on ageing and disease. A new chapter on medical ophthalmology has been included.
• Clinical Examination overviews summarise the main elements for each system and now feature in the biochemistry, nutrition and dermatology chapters.
• Presenting Problems sections provide a clear pathway for the assessment of and approach to the most common complaints in each specialty.
• Practice Point summaries detail the practical skills that medical students and junior doctors must acquire.
• Emergency boxes emphasise the core knowledge needed to manage acutely ill patients.
• In Old Age, In Pregnancy and In Adolescence boxes highlight differences in the practice of medicine in these patient groups, and illustrate the interfaces between medical, obstetric and paediatric services.
• The text is extensively illustrated, with over 1000 diagrams, clinical photographs, and radiology and pathology images.
• The global perspective is enhanced by an International Advisory Board of experts from 17 countries, and by authors from around the world.

Davidson principles and practice of medicine 23rd Edition Table of contents:

Part 1 Fundamentals of Medicine

1 Clinical decision-making

Introduction

The problem of diagnostic error

Clinical reasoning: definitions

Clinical skills and decision-making

Use and interpretation of diagnostic tests

Dealing with uncertainty

Cognitive biases

Reducing errors in clinical decision-making

Patient-centred evidence-based medicine and shared decision-making

Clinical decision-making: putting it all together

Answers to problems

Further information

2 Clinical therapeutics and good prescribing

Principles of clinical pharmacology

Adverse outcomes of drug therapy

Drug regulation and management

Prescribing in practice

Further information

3 Clinical genetics

The fundamental principles of genomics

Genomics, health and disease

Interrogating the genome: the changing landscape of genomic technologies

Genomics and clinical practice

Further information

4 Clinical immunology

Functional anatomy and physiology

The inflammatory response

Presenting problems in immune disorders

Immune deficiency

Periodic fever syndromes

Amyloidosis

Autoimmune disease

Allergy

Angioedema

Transplantation and graft rejection

Tumour immunology

Further information

5 Population health and epidemiology

Global burden of disease and underlying risk factors

Social determinants of health

Principles of screening

Epidemiology

Health data/informatics

Further information

6 Principles of infectious disease

Infectious agents

Normal microbial flora

Host–pathogen interactions

Investigation of infection

Epidemiology of infection

Infection prevention and control

Antimicrobial stewardship

Treatment of infectious diseases

Further information

Part 2 Emergency and Critical Care Medicine

7 Poisoning

Comprehensive evaluation of the poisoned patient

General approach to the poisoned patient

Poisoning by specific pharmaceutical agents

Drugs of misuse

Chemicals and pesticides

Environmental poisoning

Food-related poisoning

Plant poisoning

Further information

8 Envenomation

Comprehensive evaluation of the envenomed patient

Geographical distribution of venomous snakes

Bedside tests in the envenomed patient

Overview of envenomation

General approach to the envenomed patient

Envenomation by specific animals

Further information

9 Environmental medicine

Radiation exposure

Extremes of temperature

High altitude

Under water

Humanitarian crisis

Further information

Telephone numbers

10 Acute medicine and critical illness

Clinical examination in critical care

Monitoring

Acute medicine

Presenting problems in acute medicine

Identification and assessment of deterioration

Common presentations of deterioration

Disorders causing critical illness

Critical care medicine

Stabilisation and institution of organ support

Daily clinical management in intensive care

Complications and outcomes of critical illness

Further information

Part 3 Clinical Medicine

11 Infectious disease

Clinical examination of patients with infectious disease

Presenting problems in infectious diseases

Viral infections

Prion diseases

Bacterial infections

Protozoal infections

Infections caused by helminths

Ectoparasites

Fungal infections

Further information

12 HIV infection and AIDS

Clinical examination in HIV disease

Epidemiology

Virology and immunology

Diagnosis and investigations

Clinical manifestations of HIV

Presenting problems in HIV infection

Prevention of opportunistic infections

Antiretroviral therapy

Further information

13 Sexually transmitted infections

Clinical examination in men

Clinical examination in women

Approach to patients with a suspected STI

Presenting problems in men

Presenting problems in women

Prevention of STI

Sexually transmitted bacterial infections

Sexually transmitted viral infections

Further information

14 Clinical biochemistry and metabolic medicine

Clinical examination in biochemical and metabolic disorders

Biochemical investigations

Water and electrolyte homeostasis

Sodium homeostasis

Water homeostasis

Potassium homeostasis

Acid–base homeostasis

Calcium homeostasis

Magnesium homeostasis

Phosphate homeostasis

Disorders of amino acid metabolism

Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism

Disorders of complex lipid metabolism

Lipids and lipoprotein metabolism

The porphyrias

Further information

15 Nephrology and urology

Clinical examination of the kidney and urinary tract

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of renal and urinary tract disease

Presenting problems in renal and urinary tract disease

Glomerular diseases

Tubulo-interstitial diseases

Genetic renal diseases

Renal vascular diseases

Renal involvement in systemic conditions

Acute kidney injury

Chronic kidney disease

Renal replacement therapy

Renal disease in pregnancy

Renal disease in adolescence

Drugs and the kidney

Infections of the urinary tract

Urolithiasis

Diseases of the collecting system and ureters

Tumours of the kidney and urinary tract

Urinary incontinence

Prostate disease

Testicular tumours

Erectile dysfunction

Further information

16 Cardiology

Clinical examination of the cardiovascular system

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of cardiovascular disease

Presenting problems in cardiovascular disease

Cardiac arrhythmias

Principles of management of cardiac arrhythmias

Coronary artery disease

Peripheral arterial disease

Diseases of the aorta

Diseases of the heart valves

Congenital heart disease

Diseases of the myocardium

Diseases of the pericardium

Further information

17 Respiratory medicine

Clinical examination of the respiratory system

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of respiratory disease

Presenting problems in respiratory disease

Obstructive pulmonary diseases

Infections of the respiratory system

Tumours of the bronchus and lung

Interstitial and infiltrative pulmonary diseases

Occupational and environmental lung disease

Pulmonary vascular disease

Diseases of the upper airway

Pleural disease

Diseases of the diaphragm and chest wall

Further information

18 Endocrinology

Clinical examination in endocrine disease

An overview of endocrinology

The thyroid gland

The reproductive system

The parathyroid glands

The adrenal glands

The endocrine pancreas and gastrointestinal tract

The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland

Disorders affecting multiple endocrine glands

Further information

19 Nutritional factors in disease

Clinical examination in nutritional disorders

Clinical assessment and investigation of nutritional status

Nutritional factors and disease

Disorders of altered energy balance

Micronutrients, minerals and their diseases

Further information

20 Diabetes mellitus

Clinical examination of the patient with diabetes

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigations

Aetiology and pathogenesis of diabetes

Presenting problems in diabetes mellitus

Management of diabetes

Complications of diabetes

Further information

21 Gastroenterology

Clinical examination of the gastrointestinal tract

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of gastrointestinal disease

Presenting problems in gastrointestinal disease

Diseases of the mouth and salivary glands

Diseases of the oesophagus

Diseases of the stomach and duodenum

Diseases of the small intestine

Inflammatory bowel disease

Irritable bowel syndrome

HIV/AIDS and the gastrointestinal tract

Ischaemic gut injury

Disorders of the colon and rectum

Diseases of the peritoneal cavity

Other disorders

Diseases of the pancreas

Further information

22 Hepatology

Clinical examination of the abdomen for liver and biliary disease

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of liver and hepatobiliary disease

Presenting problems in liver disease

Cirrhosis

Portal hypertension

Infections and the liver

Alcoholic liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Autoimmune liver and biliary disease

Liver tumours and other focal liver lesions

Drugs and the liver

Inherited liver diseases

Vascular liver disease

Pregnancy and the liver

Liver transplantation

Cholestatic and biliary disease

Further information

Websites

23 Haematology and transfusion medicine

Clinical examination in blood disease

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of diseases of the blood

Presenting problems in blood disease

Principles of management of haematological disease

Anaemias

Haemoglobinopathies

Haematological malignancies

Aplastic anaemias

Myeloproliferative neoplasms

Bleeding disorders

Thrombotic disorders

Further information

24 Rheumatology and bone disease

Clinical examination of the musculoskeletal system

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of musculoskeletal disease

Presenting problems in musculoskeletal disease

Principles of management

Osteoarthritis

Crystal-induced arthritis

Fibromyalgia

Bone and joint infections

Rheumatoid arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Spondyloarthropathies

Autoimmune connective tissue diseases

Vasculitis

Diseases of bone

Bone and joint tumours

Rheumatological involvement in other diseases

Miscellaneous conditions

Further information

25 Neurology

Clinical examination of the nervous system

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of neurological disease

Presenting problems in neurological disease

Functional symptoms

Headache syndromes

Epilepsy

Vestibular disorders

Disorders of sleep

Neuro-inflammatory diseases

Paraneoplastic neurological disorders

Neurodegenerative diseases

Infections of the nervous system

Intracranial mass lesions and raised intracranial pressure

Disorders of cerebellar function

Disorders of the spine and spinal cord

Diseases of peripheral nerves

Diseases of the neuromuscular junction

Diseases of muscle

Further information

26 Stroke medicine

Clinical examination in stroke disease

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigations

Presenting problems

Stroke

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

Cerebral venous disease

Further information

27 Medical ophthalmology

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of visual disorders

Presenting problems in ophthalmic disease

Specialist ophthalmological conditions

Further information

28 Medical psychiatry

Clinical examination

Functional anatomy and physiology

Presenting problems in psychiatric illness

Principles of management of psychiatric disorders

Psychiatric disorders

Psychiatry and the law

Further information

29 Dermatology

Clinical examination in skin disease

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigation of skin disease

Presenting problems in skin disease

Principles of management of skin disease

Skin tumours

Common skin infections and infestations

Acne and rosacea

Eczemas

Psoriasis and other erythematous scaly eruptions

Lichenoid eruptions

Urticaria

Bullous diseases

Pigmentation disorders

Hair disorders

Nail disorders

Skin disease in general medicine

Further information

30 Maternal medicine

Clinical examination in pregnancy

Clinical evaluation in maternal medicine

Planning pregnancy in patients with medical conditions

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigations

Presenting problems in pregnancy

Medical disorders in pregnancy

Further information

31 Adolescent and transition medicine

Transition from paediatric to adult health services

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigations

Clinical assessment

Presenting problems in transition medicine

Clinical presentations

Summary

Further information

32 Ageing and disease

Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment

Demography

Functional anatomy and physiology

Investigations

Presenting problems in geriatric medicine

Rehabilitation

Further information

33 Oncology

Clinical examination of the cancer patient

The 10 hallmarks of cancer

Environmental and genetic determinants of cancer

Investigations

Presenting problems in oncology

Emergency complications of cancer

Metastatic disease

Therapeutics in oncology

Specific cancers

Multidisciplinary teams

Further information

34 Pain and palliative care

Pain

Palliative care

Death and dying

Further information

35 Laboratory reference ranges

Notes on the international system of units (SI units)

Laboratory reference ranges in adults

Laboratory reference ranges in childhood and adolescence

Laboratory reference ranges in pregnancy

Further information

Index

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