100 Cases in Clinical Pharmacology Therapeutics and Prescribing 1st edition By Kerry Layne, Albert Ferro ISBN 113848959X 978-1138489592

Basic Pharmacological Concepts

• Cytochrome P450 System: A key enzyme system involved in the metabolism of many drugs.

• Therapeutic Levels: The concentration of a drug in the bloodstream that is effective without causing toxicity.

• Renal Excretion: The process by which drugs and their metabolites are eliminated from the body via the kidneys.

• Drug Interactions: How different drugs may influence each other’s effects, often altering their efficacy or toxicity.

Pharmacology and Therapeutic Principles

• Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: A treatment involving antibodies that specifically target disease-related molecules.

• Ligand-Gated Ion Channels: Receptors that allow ions to pass through the cell membrane when activated by a ligand.

• Acetylation: A metabolic process that can affect drug efficacy and toxicity, particularly in genetic variation.

• Metabolism: The chemical modification of drugs in the body, primarily in the liver.

• Distribution: How a drug is dispersed throughout the body, influencing its effects.

• Absorption: The process by which a drug enters the bloodstream, typically via the gastrointestinal tract.

• Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Axis: A hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.

• COX Inhibition: The inhibition of cyclooxygenase, an enzyme involved in the production of inflammatory mediators (prostaglandins).

• 5-HT Receptors: Serotonin receptors, involved in mood regulation and other physiological functions.

• Dose-Response Curves: Graphical representations of the relationship between drug dose and its effects.

• G Protein-Coupled Receptors: A large family of receptors that mediate various physiological responses, including neurotransmission.

Clinical Therapeutics

• Toxicology: The study of harmful effects of drugs and chemicals on the body.

• Managing Nausea and Vomiting: Approaches to treating nausea and vomiting, often using antiemetics.

• Managing Pain: Pharmacological strategies to control pain, including opioid and non-opioid medications.

• Managing Delirium: Treatment of acute confusion, often through antipsychotics or other sedatives.

• Acetylcysteine: A drug used for acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose and as a mucolytic agent.

• End-of-Life Care: Management of symptoms and drugs at the end of life, including palliative care.

• De-prescribing: The process of tapering or stopping medications that may no longer be necessary or beneficial.

Special Populations and Conditions

• Anti-epileptics in Pregnancy: Considerations for the use of anti-epileptic drugs during pregnancy to avoid harm to the fetus.

• Treating Macrocytic Anaemias: Management of anemia caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.

Prescribing Skills

• Prescribing 1 to 16: A series of prescribing-related topics, which include understanding how to write prescriptions, calculating doses, reviewing prescriptions, and managing drug regimens.

• Planning Management: The development of treatment plans based on patient-specific factors, including dosages and drug choices.

• Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR): Identifying and managing the side effects of drugs.

• Data Interpretation: The ability to understand and apply clinical data to drug management, such as lab results and drug monitoring.

Drug Monitoring and Prescription Reviews

• Drug Monitoring: Regular assessment of a patient’s response to treatment and potential adverse effects.

• Prescription Review: The process of reviewing a patient’s medication regimen to ensure appropriateness, safety, and efficacy.

Providing Information

• Providing Information 1 to 7: Communicating effectively with patients about their treatment, side effects, and self-care.

Calculation Skills

• Calculation Skills 1 to 8: The ability to accurately calculate drug doses, conversions, and therapeutic ranges.