Precision medicine in oncology 1st edition by Bulent Aydogan,James Radosevich 9781119432494 1119432499

1 Genomic Strategies for Personalized Cancer Therapy

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Precision Medicine in Specific Tumors

1.3 Biomarkers for Immunotherapy of Cancer

1.4 Clinical Trial Design in the Era of Precision Oncology

1.5 Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues of Precision Oncology

1.6 Databases, Data Sharing, and Challenges of Precision Oncology

References

2 Blood‐Based Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cancer

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Importance of Blood‐Based Biomarkers

2.3 Circulating Proteins as Biomarkers

2.4 Circulating Long Non‐coding RNAs as Biomarkers

2.5 Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers

2.6 Circulating Autoantibodies as Biomarkers

2.7 Circulating Tumor DNA as Biomarkers

2.8 Metabolites as Biomarkers

2.9 Lipids as Biomarkers

2.10 Exosomes as Biomarkers

2.11 Conclusion

References

3 Application of Circulating Cell‐free DNA for Personalized Cancer Therapy

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Drawbacks and Challenges of Invasive Tumor Tissue in Treatment and Diagnosis of Cancer

3.3 Importance of Noninvasive Biomarkers in Treatment and Diagnosis of Cancer

3.4 Liquid Biopsy: cfDNA and ctDNA

3.5 Practical Approach to Estimate ctDNA in Liquid Biopsy

3.6 Clinical Application of ctDNA Detection in Various Cancers

3.7 Clinical Utility of Methylation in ctDNA in Personalized Oncology

3.8 Conclusion

References

4 Prognostic Implications of EGFR, p53, p16, Cyclin D1, and Bcl‐2 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC)

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)

4.3 TP53 Mutations in Head and Neck Cancer

4.4 P16 and Cyclin D1 Mutations in Head and Neck Cancer

4.5 Bcl‐2 Mutations in Head and Neck Cancer

4.6 Conclusion

References

5 Immunotherapy and Cancer

5.1 Introduction

5.2 What Is Cancer Immunotherapy?

5.3 How Does Immunotherapy Work?

5.4 Timing of Immunotherapy

5.5 Combination Immunotherapy

5.6 Side Effects of Immunotherapy

5.7 Types of Cancer Immunotherapy Treatments

5.8 Cancer Vaccines

5.9 Oncolytic Viral Immunotherapy (OVIs)

5.10 Non‐specific Immunotherapies

5.11 Immunotherapy by Cancer Type

5.12 Proven Studies

5.13 Cancer Immunity Pathway

5.14 Recent Developments in Immunotherapy

5.15 Neoantigens for Cancer Immunotherapy

5.16 Discussion

References

6 Predictive and Prognostic Markers for Cancer Medicine

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Historical Development of Cancer Markers

6.3 Characteristics of the Ideal Cancer Markers

6.4 Utilization of Cancer Markers in Most Common Cancers

6.5 Classification and Techniques for Studying of Cancer Markers

6.6 Clinical Validation of Cancer Markers

6.7 Conclusions and Future Perspectives

References

7 Dual Energy Imaging in Precision Radiation Therapy

7.1 Introduction and Overview

7.2 Historical Perspective

7.3 Planar Dual Energy Imaging

7.4 Dual Energy Computed Tomography

7.5 Summary and Future Directions

Acknowledgement

References

8 The Role of Big Data in Personalized Medicine

8.1 Introduction

8.2 The Concept of Big Data and the Specificities of Healthcare

8.3 Sources of Data

8.4 Big Data Analytical Techniques

8.5 Challenges in Big Data Analytics