Creating Agile Business Systems with Reusable Knowledge 1st Edition by Amit Mitra, Amar Gupta 0521851637 9780521851633

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ISBN 10: 0521851637

ISBN 13: 9780521851633

Author: Amit Mitra, Amar Gupta 

Agility and innovation are necessary to achieve global excellence and customer value in twenty-first century business; yet most approaches to business process engineering sacrifice these in favor of operational efficiency and economics. Moreover, the IT systems used to automate and encapsulate business processes are unresponsive to the dynamic business environment. Mitra and Gupta provide insight to close this gap – showing how innovation can be systematized with normalized patterns of information, how business processes and information systems may be tightly aligned, and how these processes and systems can be designed to automatically adapt to change by reconfiguring shared patterns of knowledge. A modular approach to building business systems that parallels that of object oriented software is presented. Practical templates required for accelerating integration, analysis and design are provided. This book will appeal to consultants, analysts, and managers in IT as well as researchers and graduate students in business, management and IT.

Creating Agile Business Systems with Reusable Knowledge 1st Table of contents:

1 What is this book about and who should read it?

2 What will the information be used for?

3 Technology?s broken promise

4 Component reuse ? the genesis

5 Scope of this book

6 Foundation of knowledge reuse: three pillars

6.1 The first pillar: metamodel of business knowledge

6.2 The second pillar: business patterns

6.3 The third pillar: people and best practices ? managing change effectively

7 How this book is organized

1 On the nature of reality and the nature of business

Introduction to the MetaWorld

1 The nature of knowledge

2 Modeling the real world

3 Metaworld of information

Objects, relationships, processes, and events

Perception and information naturally speaking: domains, units of measure, and formats

A parable of Jim, Jane, Jugs of milk, and Robert in the United States of Information

Nominal domains

Ordinal domains

Difference scaled domains

Ratio scaled domains

Mr. Domain?s secret

The structure of domains ? perception, .ve senses, and aliens in the lost worlds of metanesia

4 Basic metaobject inventory

5 Metaobjects and the natural repository of knowledge

6 The architecture of knowledge and the scope of the metamodel in this book

The black box approach

The node?branch approach

The architecture of knowledge

2 The object at the root of it all

1 Object class versus object instance

2 The state of an object

State charts

Events, effects, and actions

Data and attributes: states of behavior

Must every object have attributes?

Three values every attribute and relationship may have

Don?t know the value

Null values

Default values

The overall state of a system

What is an object ? really?

State space

Knowledge in state space

Moving through state space

Spontaneous state change

Lost in space: the curse of change

3 Inheriting behavior ? subtypes, supertypes, and partitioning of objects

Supertypes and subtypes

Object partitions and role modeling

Properties of partitions

Atomic rules that span more than one partition

The meaning and syntax of behavior-based partitions

Default states, subtypes, and variation inheritance

Subtyping criteria ? dividing to conquer

4 The problem of perspective

What is perspective?

Does a universal perspective exist?

The tyranny of words

5 Repositories of meaning

The metamodel of object

Windows into objects

The universal metaobject

3 The nature of attributes

1 The structure of attributes and states

Instance identi.er

Participation in relationships

Attribute value

The metamodel of attribute and the metamodel of state

2 Attribute constraints

Constraints on nominal attributes

Inclusion sets

Exclusion sets

Constraints on ordinal attributes

Constraints on quantitative attributes

Combining inclusion and exclusion sets

Merging open ranges

Clashing constraints

Mixing completely certain constraints

Mixing incomplete or uncertain constraints

The merger of meaning and the metamodel of value constraint

Derived attributes and relationships between attributes

Joint constraints

Magnitude constraints

Rule expressions

Statics versus dynamics of derived attributes

1 Process rules

2 Relationship rules

Implicit and intermediate rules

Enumeration

Implied relationships and rule normalization

Polymorphism

Recursion

Incomplete rules

Rules about rules

The order of a constraint

Stationarity of constraints

Constraining state space

The integrated metamodel of value constraint

3 Naming and expressing attributes

Naming a meaning

Meaning versus expression

Quantitative attributes

Qualitative attributes

4 Domains and their expression

1 The meaning and architecture of format

Five fundamental formats

Patterns of symbols ? the architecture of pattern

What is a pattern?

Patterns in physical space and time

(A) Patterns of sequenced versus unsequenced association

(B) Patterns of separation: distance and distinction

(C) Patterns of inclusion versus patterns of exclusion

(D) Patterns of shapes: dimensions of freedom

(E) Boundaries of patterns

Partitions and subtypes

Measures of similarity

Proximity metric

Location in state space versus physical location

Patterns in state space

Nominally scaled state space

Ordinally scaled state space

Difference scaled state space

Ratio scaled state space

Mixed space

The order of a pattern

The metamodel of pattern

The essence of a pattern

Kinds of patterns

Patterns of constraint

Region versus range

Location versus constraint

Shaping and in.uencing patterns

Object counts and statistical patterns

Arrays

Patterns in physical space and time

Null space ? patterns of everything, patterns of nothing

Patterns of symbols and patterns of objects

The integrated metamodel of pattern

Pattern recognition and the metamodel of knowledge

Standards, language and patterns of patterns

Format, language, and semiotics

Format and format conversion ? scope, size, and precision

Precision

Scope, size, and truncation

Dimensionality

The polymorphic nature of format

2 The meaning of units of measure

Number versus value

The nature of numbers

The pattern in number

Round numbers versus truncated numbers

Measures of meaning

Formats of units of measure

The metamodel of units of measure

Conversion between units of measure

The metamodel of measure conversion rules

Subtyping measure conversion rules

Conflicting subtypes ? when objects are not enough

3 Domains of meaning and the metamodel of object

The polymorphic behavior of domains

Domains of information

The information in ?value?

Operations on values

The information in domain

Creating new domains from old

Ratio scaled domains

Metrics and the domain of quotients

Domains of growth

Domains of proportions

Difference scaled domains

Ordinally scaled domains

Nominally scaled domains

Domains by association

Enumeration

Accuracy

Reliability (risk)

Completeness (exhaustivity)

Validity

Complex domains and mixed meanings

The risk and bene.t of domain analysis

Reusing knowledge ? building upon the old

The most frequently used domains

Frequently used primary domains

Frequently used secondary domains

The risk of domain analysis

Shortcuts

Domains and value sets ? states of domain

The metamodel of domain

Measurement of meaning ? a paradox of perspectives

Domains in perspective

Domains of viewpoints

Embracing scope creep

Meanings that represent meanings

4 Storing abstract meaning

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